Research Manufacture Of The Warring States Decree Documents

The Warring States decree document is short for Warring States documents of official orders. As one of information communication tools, decree document has some basic characteristics, such as official duty, compulsory and command resistance. Carved or written on bamboo wood, metal bowlder and other carriers. Decree document is the most direct embodiment of rulers will during Warring States, and is one of the means that rulers governed their country and coordinate between each other, rulers and the ruled, the ruled and the ruled. Decree document making is a job to transform the command information into the real documents, and is an important link in the operation. Researching manufacture of the Warring States decree documents is to discuss every aspect about the work. As follows: Who was ordered to make the decree documents by the ruler in the Warring States; What kind of decree documents was used by these makers according to different content issued by the ruler; When was the origin of decree documents; What kind of forms, wording, carriers, specification and the relation among each other. Studying the Warring States decree documents helps us to understand the operating mechanism and realization approach and the reason that manufacture of Qin and Han Dynasties decree documents entry mature period.The paper comprises seven chapters text. The introduction of the first chapter makes a exposition of choosing the thesis topic and the significance of it. According to defining related concepts of making the Warring States decree documents and carding predecessors' research achievement, the introduction confirms the writing theme and frame.The second chapter does the textual research in the kinds of making the Warring States decree documents and its origin. The Warring States decree documents has formed appointment documents, order documents, imperial edict, declared document, oath document, xi document, law document, type document, interpretation document, document, alliance document, fu document, jie document, etc. These historical changes of document types are relative to its complicated social situation.The third chapter mainly discussed the identity of document producers. The document producers consist of two parts, one is the senders, the other are the writers. In some special situations, such as the knowledge of making document are very professional, the event must be in secret, the situation are emergency, the historiographers and the scribes are not in, persons without certain identity are endowed with temporary document making, and some social workers also wrote decree documents. This is relative to the incomplete bureaucracy system and the mild professionalization of government official duty.The forth chapter is about writing types and parlance problems. Because of different types of decree documents, some contained complete content, such as starting time, starting place, sender, order, order information, etc, some lacks many element. About parlance styles, some pursue a compact, rustic, exact style. Some require the style is parlance, vivid and expressive. This is relative to the function of decree documents, written form and the prevalence of scholars' logic style in a certain extent.The fifth chapter is about the carrier material and specification. The carrier materials of decree documents are mainly bamboo wood, metal, bowlder, etc. Because of the rank and kind, there were huge differences in the carrier material and specification. For example, law documents and “decree” documents are made of bamboo wood, alliance documents are made of bowlder. What's more, becuase of the differences of bamboo slips, wooden tablets or slips, jade tablet, zhang, etc in the shape and structure, the size has a foot, a foot two inches, two feet, two feet and four inches, etc. This mainly relates to increasingly mature the Warring States bureaucracism's demand on the fuction of decree documents.The sixth chapter mainly analyzes each relationship among factors of manufacture system of the Warring States Decree Documents. As follows: based on the original types, the content reform of decree document types; partial decree document types made some fission and formed new types, but the original types didn't appear completely; both content and form of partial decree document types made some changes, but followed the continuous decline tendency of previous dynasties; partial decree document types are nonexistent in previous dynasties, but are created in order to adapt the new time and function need. Also, there is rank among decree document makers; the function of decree document makers has differences in not only leading role and assist, but also in assuming overall responsibility and in charge of this work; it seems that decree document makers are independent, but serve for the same system, etc. However, the origin of producing and changing these relationships is the huge conflict between the progressive society productivity and hysteretic relation of production.The seventh chapter mainly states the characteristics and impact on decree documents making in the Warring States period. The document for military and judiciary occupies the relatively huge proportion, which is the main characteristics of decree documents making, with the feature of the Warring States bureaucracism. Decree documents making is still developing towards specialization, standardization and institutionalization. The main influence is that decree documents making in the Warring States period not only guarantees the successful operation of document system and other links, maintains the stabilization of the potentate ruling, and promotes the bureaucracy construction in the Warring States period, but also provides the basic of the development of decree documents making in Qin and Han dynasty.