Institution·Subject·Text

As the most important and enduring social transoformation,remolding(kai-tsao??)has remained frequent in official discourse through out the entire history from 1949 to 1976 of People's Republic of China.Kai-tsao embodies a personal,affective dimension usually lacking in reform and revolution(Philip F.Williams),which immediately leads this political campaign to individuals with a modicum of education,or known as intellectuals.So there is no doubt that Kai-tsao had deeply changed the culture and writing progress of Contemporary Literature.First of all,remolding had been deemed as a key step to approaching the morderniaztion of the socialist nation.That is to say,although kai-tsao appeared as political criticism,but the connotation of it is far more complex than the revolutionary discipline,which not only relate to the inflexion of knowledge,but also the ideological confrontation.Secondly,remolding is a connectiong link between the preceding self-enlightenment of intellectuals in 1920s,and the following collectivity aphasia in 1990s.In other words,kai-tsao is the result of simultaneous reaction of subject system and ideological disconrse.Last but not least,in terms of historical evaluation,the extreme political persecution should be critical introspected,but it couldn't be the reason we disavowl the hole socialist system and its public culture undertakings.Otherwise,investigators are just go back to the ossified logical pattern of binary opposition,and the so called academic achievements would do nothing good but against the objective authenticity of historical context.This dissertation expands the item from three standpoints:institutional construct,subject identity,elucidate of literary images and narratives,providing a scrutinized study on the change of historical writings of remolding in the 20th century.The paper consists of five chapters besides the introduction and conclusion.The details are as follows:1.Introduction:in this part the auther offers a comparison and analysis of the original principles of Marxism and the paradoxical highbrow policies from Chinese Communist Party,which leads us to the conclusion that how chinese intellectuals misunderstood the conception of Marxism-Leninism,while the Marx's brand of economic determineism argued that human thought and culture amounter to nothing more than a supersturcture that reflected more fundamental economic relations.Meanwhile,the auther also make a joint analysis combinded with different literature and art policies in 1980s,which shows the succesion and variant form of kai-tsao in the new epoch.2.Chapter 1:In this part the auther summarized the changes in thought reform in different political context.The discussion is held in three periods:Revolutionary Literature,Yanan Literature,and Contemporary Literature.Though the discussion we can see how forced labor and ideological confrontation played a key role in 1930s when leftist intellectuals talked about revolution and the worker peasant movement.But in 1940s,Mao Tse-tung developed this self-cleansing mechanism into a much more radical and organized punishment,called kai-tsao.And in 1950s,nearly all intellectuals have been urged now and then to remold their thinking.3.Chapter 2:In this part,the auther approaches the main item from institutional construct,which concludes two topic sentences:organizational system and criticism system.The organiational system enabled the success of kai-tsao with entral untified allocation of life supplies and social identity.On the other hand,the aesthetic paradigm of mainstream idology and its cultural logic are criticism system's responsibility.The auther also realised that institution can not explain everything during remolding.As a complement,the auther discusses some special intellectuals known as Zhongxin Writer,to further deepening the explanation of the interaction between remolding and literature institution.4.Chapter 3:In this part the auther will focus on the identity consciousness of writers from different ears who wrote thinking remolding(kai-tsao ssu-hsiang ????)and forced labor in camps.It is clearly shown that the how the narrative perspective changes when writer's consciousness of identity changed during different periods.In 1950s and 1960s,most intellectuals accepted the fact that they are gears and screws on the revolutionary machine.But there are chances that personal factors may paly an important part in the process of changing the patterns of thought,which ended up turnning into a organic intellectual.In New Era,the mainstream idology announced the occurrence of kai-tsao is a grave historical mistake,and the revenants who were survived from remolding start to bulid their new identity.What is interesting is that these writers all calmed themselves as supporters of the new-enlightenment,but their works turned out to be a restatement of ideological discourse from 1980s.As a matter of fact,it was not until 1990s that the writers showed the diversity of identity.5.Chapter 4:This part the auther carries on the previous discussion in chapter 1,and will pay attention to the images and figures.In order to illustrat this question clearly,I will decompose it into three pparts:Knowledge as the main reason intellectuals had to be remolded.Implicit attitude towards Bitter history of kai-tsao as reflection of different statements about the Subject of Right for Clean-up,And images of People,which shows the building and deconstructing of the imagination of Historical Subject.6.Chapter 5:This chapter will focus on the aesthetic reconstruction.I am trying to build a interpretation mechanism which allowed to discuss the question in a multi-dimensions dynamic view.As a branch of literature,its aesthetic value changes with social contexts and customs.And by compar:ing the text appeared after 1980s,we can find the motion tracks of narrative structure in different historical periods.7.Conclusion:The auther extends the discussion a bit further in this part.We all argee that remolding during 1950s to 1970s was a radical plolitical behavior,but it doesn't mean that there is no need for intellectuals to self-surmounting.So in this section,the author touches on the mission of how to improve the spiritual quality of intellectuals.