A Study Of Characters And Vocabulary On The Han Grave Bamboo Slips Of Yinqueshan (?)

Chinese society has undergone drastic changes during the Warring States Period and the Qin and the Han Dynasties.It is the.same to the characters and words in bamboo slips of the Han Dynasty,which were going through the stage of converting to Li script.The original font were reformed,polysyllabic words developed significantly and the word formation became mature.Because the characters in bamboo slips of the Han Dynasty follow the style of Li Shu in the bamboo slips of the Qin Dynasty,their writing style is similar to the Gu Li in the bamboo slips of the Qin Dynasty.Therefore,the study of the characters and words in the Han Grave Bamboo Slips of Yinque Mountain(?)(Yin ? is used for short in the following.)can help to reveal the synchronic features of the characters and words in this period and play a significant role in the study of the history of the characters' conversion to the Li Shu and the study of the unearthed documents in the early Han Dynasty.This paper is composed of seven chapters.The general introduction is the research results and methods in the academic circles.The study of characters in the Han Grave Bamboo Slips of Yinque Mountain(?)is discussed from chapter one to chapter four.Chapter one generalizes the features of the character forms in Yin ? and points out that the characters in Yin ? still keep the features of Zhuan with one character having different forms and the phenomena of sharing and keeping the ancient features.It also claims that there exists simplification in the character forms of Yin ? like simplifying strokes and reduction of the same or other components,the complication phenomenon of increasing strokes and shapes,the differentiation phenomenon,in which the character components have unfixed position,and the phenomenon of dissimilation and assimilation.Chapter two points out that the characters in Yin ? carry the features of the Jin script and Zhou script.Through analyzing their relationship with the characters in the Warring States and Qin and Han Dynasties,this study finds out that the style of the characters in Yin ? has great similarities with that of the Qin bamboo slips,which shows the effectiveness of the policy of "Standard Characters" in Qin Dynasty.Meanwhile,because of the short ruling period of the Qin Dynasty,characters of the early Han Dynasty were inevitably influenced by characters of the Qi State,Chu State etc.in the Warring States period.Chapter three summarizes forty-three sets of the characters with similar forms but different meaning and talks about the relationship between the characters.Many differential mode characters store the transitional form to the Li Script and the writing style of many medieval inscriptions on the tablets and the documents kept in Dunhuang have appeared in the bamboo slips of the Qin and Han Dynasties.Chapter four illustrates the phenomenon of polysemy by using nine characters which are not included in Zhen Zhuan of Shuo Wen Jie Zi and three groups of characters.It compares the character forms in Yin ? and Yin ? and points out that the character forms in both of them are similar.There are more cursive forms in Yin I.The combination of these two versions can more fully present panorama of Yinqueshan bamboo slips.Chapters Five and Six are the vocabulary study of Han Tomb Bamboo Slips of Yinque Mountain(?).The paper analyzes the synonyms,In terms of syntax and word formation the juxtaposed mode and the modifier modified mode take up the main part.The Warring States period and Qin and Han Dynasty is an important stage for the occurrence of the polysyllabic Chinese words.In this period the condensation degree between morphemes of the compound words is not high,that is to say,the lexicalization degree is not high.Some combinations lie between words and phrases.Chapter Seven is the Check List of the Characters in the Warring States and Qin and Han Dynasties.It completely presents the panorama of the character development from Warring States period to the Qin and the Han Dynasties,including all the characters in the repeated characters in Shuo Wen Jie Zi,private copies of the ancient prose,the four schools of characters of Qin,Jin,Chu,Qi in the Warring States Period,Han bamboo slips excavated at Ma wang dui,Zhang jia shan,Yinque Mountain(?,?),the Han bamboo slips collected in Beijing University and the Han bamboo slips excavated at Wuwei in Gansu Province.This paper summarizes the characters in chronological order,which clearly presents the development of the characters in this period.In conclusion,the author believes that the characters in Yin ? are in the stage of the ancient Li script of the early Han Dynasty,and also in the transitional stage to the modem Li script.Significant changes take place in the shape of Chinese characters.Excavated documents and corpora of the Qin and Han Dynasties,the Han bamboo slips excavated at Yinque Mountain being a representative,show that the words were mainly monosyllabic and one form carried more types of meaning.Moreover,during the phraseology developed fast,and that categorization and systematization of semantics fusion was developing.The enrichment of the lexical semantic system brought a great many synonyms and antonyms,which enabled the meaning become more accurate and comprehensive.There was great potential for the disyllabic words to increase.Word formation was becoming rich.The innovation is that the Check List of the Characters in the Warring States and Qin and Han Dynasties clearly shows the features of the characters in the unearthed documents,which makes the reference easier for the characters in this period.It also employs metaphorical and metonymic word formation in cognitive linguistics to analyze the excavated documents,especially vocabulary on bamboo slips and silk.This paper uses semanteme analysis in semantics to analyze synonyms,antonyms and compound words on bamboo slips and silk,clearly showing the similarities and differences in semaneme of synonyms and antonyms and conceptual integration of the semanteme of compound words,and attempts to analyze and study lexical semanteme on excavated bamboo slips and silk.