Study On The Development And Relevant Issues Of Ulan(?)ab League In Qing Dynasty

The Mongolian Banner System is an integral part to the study of mongolian history in Qing Dynasty andcontemporaryMongolia.At present,however,there are few researchs on the Mongolian Banner System and its development with case analysis on a specific league,leaving a host of issues concerning the development of the system unsolved.Given this,this dissertation hopes to find a solution to such deficiency by studyingthe development and related issues of Ulancab League during Qing Dynasty.Ulanqcb League in Qing Dynasty was composed of four tribes,namely Dorben Keuked,Urad,Mumingyan and Khalkha Right Wing Banner,which gradually merged into one by the second half of the 17th century.Ulancab League was named after a place called Ulancab within the territory of Dorben Keuked Banner,where the alliance was met.As one of theSix Jasaq Mongolian Leagues in Qing dynasty,Ulancab League was located in the west of Inner Mongolia,bordered on Silinyol League to the east,Yeke Juu league and Guihua City Tumed Banner to the south,Alashan ogeled Banner to the west,Khalka Mongols tusiyetu khan Tribe and Sain Noyon khan Tribe to the north.Those places is almost the equal of today's banners and counties,including Dorben Keuked Banner in Ulancab City,Wuchuan County in Hohhot City,Darqan Muminggan United Banner and Guyang County in Baotou City,Urad Front Banner,Urad Middle Banner and Urad Rear Banner and Wuyuan County in Bayan Nur City and Hanggin Rear Banner,At the beginning of Qing Dynasty,Ulancab League stands at such a vital geographical position that it played a crucial part when Qing Dynasty summoned Mobei Khalkha to surrender,marched southward to conquer central area of ancient China,and conquered Zunghar Khanate.This dissertation is unfolded from the major aspects including the establishment of Jasag Banner affiliated to Ulancab League,delimitation of nomadic boundary,alliance conditions of various tribes during different times and the Mongolian Banner System,supported by sufficient archives,documents and basic historical data,such as Khalkha Right Wing Banner Jasay Yamen Archives(in Monglian)of Alashan Left Banner Archive holding,Muminggan Banner Jasay Yamen Archive(in Monglian),Jungar Banner Jasag Yamen Archives(in Monglian),Haggin Banner Jasag Yamen Archive(in Monglian),Record for Imperial Superintendent of Mongol Banner Reclamation Affairs,Selected Documents of Qing Dynasty Mongolian Archives Collection of Tumed Left Banner Archive holding(in Monglian)and Alashan Jasay Yamen Archives in Qing Dynasty(in Monglian)of Alashan Left Banner Archive holding.With reference to traditional literature,local records,travel notes,investigation reports and previous researches,the dissertation hopes to conduct a systematic study on the formation of Ulancab League as well as its social and historical background during early Qing dynasty in a new perspective and with multiple research methods,aiming to reveal the developmental course of the Mongolian Banner System during Qing dynasty.The dissertation comprises of four chapters:Chapter One introduces the history of four leagues,which include Dorben Keiiked,Urad,Muminggan and Khalkha Right Wing tribe,paying allegiance to Qing Dynasty and the establishment of the six Jasay Banners.Chapter Two gives a brief introduction to the demarcation of nomadic boundary for six of the banners.In this chapter,a comprehensive and detailed comparison is made by reviewing such literatures as Comprehensive Geography of the Great Qing Dynasty,A Note of Mongolian Nomadic Life and Record of Laws and Systems of the Qing Dynasty and other existing original raw files'recordings for the demarcation of nomadic boundaries for the six Banners.The result of the comparison verifies the fact that before the formation of the Ulancab League,there were four to eight nomadic boundaries for the six Banners.In addition,the complete picture of the domain of Ulanqab League is also ascertained in this chapter.Based on former relevant studies,Chapter Three depicts the timeline of the development of Ulancab League under the domination of Qing Taizu,Taizong,Shizu,Shengzu,Shizong,and Gaozong and cards the circumstances of four leagues' meeting of sovereigns.Besides,a textual reearch on the process and historical background of the formation of Ulancab League in Qing Dynasty is made by referring some of the new findings in the files and records.Based on the achievements by former scholars,a systematical study on the three-tiered administration of Ulancab League in Qing Dynasty is conducted in Chapter Four,by which the passage finally concludes the feature of The Mongolian Banner System and its impact on the mongolian society.The last part of the dissertation makes an overview on the main achievements and innovation pointas well as shortcomings of the passage.Further study directions are also suggested.