Research On Children In The Wei Jin South And North Dynasty

Fertility seems very easy and normal,while it was of profound and great significance,which reflects family relationship,and the change of society and country.Children not only bear the stamp of a native family,embody their unique “children spirit”,but also are a mirror of the country and society.Children’s lives outline the three-dimensional picture of social life.Various sectors prayed for giving birth to babies in order to keep family alive in the Wei Jin South and North Dynasty.There were various methods of praying.For example,people would appeal to Buddhism,Taoism and so on,they would also ask doctors for help.People frequently prayed for having babies,and tried all their best to be pregnant,which revealed that people attached importance to having children in the family.If mothers were pregnant,they would pay great attention to fetal education.Fetal education originated from the aristocracy,and had always been valued by family members.In order to cultivate children’s virtue and practice,nobility had been actively preparing for fetal education from the time of choosing a mate;they created a complete set of fetal education theories and methods.Life was very precious,children were the flowers of a family or a country,so families,society and countries attached great importance to raising them.From the perspective of family,parents tried their best to create a good family environment for the growth of baby.In the process of bringing up,father,mother assumed different tasks because they had different roles.Mother was mainly responsible for infants and children’s daily life,including preparing clothes,food,living conditions and lining for them,while father was mainly responsible for their education.From the perspective of the state,countries had made great efforts to alleviate the burden of the dependents,so as to ensure that infants and children could grow up well under the care of the society.Giving birth to children was a cause of celebrating,while there was an opposite thing which was sold or killed one’s own children.This phenomenon was very common at that time.There were deep roots about it.Such as war,poverty,heavy taxes and duties were the important reasons to sell or kill one’s own children,while family dissonance,incest,son preference and other family factors were other causes of its existence.The occurrence of this phenomenon had a profound impact on society and family,so government took active measures to curb selling and killing children,which achieved some good results.Family is a hotbed of children’s lives.Bearing the burnt,children are influenced and taught by their parents,because parents are the most intimate persons for them.The relationship between parents and children was manifold in the Wei Jin South and North Dynasty,which was reflected not only by ethical and moral codes under the rules of etiquette,but by kindred spirit under the emotional system.Under the rules of etiquette,father was the core and authority of a family,and they maintained their status by teaching their young children.Father-son relationships were relatively simple.Father’s sacred status was inviolable.Compared with father-child relationship,mother-child relationship was more complicated.The relationship between child and mother was not only restricted by etiquette,but also influenced by the family’s core character,the father,who has great decision-making power in the relationship between mother and child.Children were young and innocent,but they would influence their parents because they had a strong sense of autonomy,so the relationship between children and parents was not a one-way drive of nurturing and breeding,but a two-way relationship of symbiotic interaction.It was the power of education that had helped children to learn from ignorance and innocence to sensibility.There were various ways such as official school,private school,family education for children in theWei Jin South and North Dynasty.Though official school was sometimes in vogue or sometimes obsolete at that time,while primary school had been existed through the whole period,which was still beautiful scenery in the difficult environment.Official primary school’s destination was to turn children into famous people who were familiar with Confucian classics,which were decided by the school’s character.However,compared with official primary school,Private school was more prosperous,education contents were more colorful.on the base of Han dynasty,Primary school showed the different characters of the time.Confucian Taoist Buddhism,all the thought coexisted at that time.Children were affected by new trend of thought and absorbed different nutrients,so they grew along different tracks.As a special group of the children,orphans were facing a difficult and rough environment;lives were very hard for them.They need help from government,society and other families if they wanted to survive well.Rulers of all period in Wei Jin South and North Dynasty realized that there was crisis for orphans,so they attached great importance to the social security rights of children,and took corresponding measures to save them.However,only government’s efforts were far from enough,there should be other measures to help them,care of the clan,relief from neighbor,generosity from friends and Buddhism’s help were very important to orphans too.All different classes tried their best to benefit orphans,helped them out of trouble.With the help of all classes,orphans would make great contribution to the society and country when they grew up.Games were child’s playing,while they were the indispensable part of children’s life.Although nobles guided by Confucian thought did not take game for granted,who preferred children to be "weak and not teasing" in childhood,hoping that they would be early mature.There was sharp contrast between Noble’s attitudes towards children’s play and children’s attitudes.In fact,children could not do without entertainment,which was an indispensable part of their life.Children’s recreation was of great significance.Children would get happiness,show na?ve character,indicated the direction of future development,increase affection with parents,reflect the strong characteristics of the times,and excise social participation awareness in the process of entertainment.From the perspective of culture,psychology and sociology,it reflected the different aspects of children’s innocence,children’s interest,childlike innocence and children’s wisdom.