The Fragmentation Of The Basic Social Security For The Aged System

Population aging becomes the general trend in the world.In China,the significant feature is more older people,higher demographic dependency ratio.At the same time,the old people experience an uneven distribution,and more old people live in rural areas than in urban areas.For the situation of uneven regional economic development,economic situation of the elderly is also uneven and the incidence of poverty is higher in elderly population.So the basic social security for the aged system which is provided by government is very important,but it becomes fragmentation since the different identity system and the region segmentation.In this system,old people in different identity or from different region enjoy different kinds and different levels of pension.This system is unfair and it is unsustainable.So it is needed to explain the reasons of fragmentation from system designing,and it is good to integrate the basic security for the aged system.As a state basic institution,the basic security for the aged system has prominent feature such as:the state is the main body of responsibility,and the state power dominates the old age security system.The range of state responsibility leads the range and mode which state power intervene the the basic security for the aged system.The root reason of "system fragmentation" is the distorting role of state power.And the state power is shared with local government and make this function which state power dominate the social old age security system is so complex.The shared state authority causes more autonomy of local government,and urges local governments formulate basic security for the aged system through game process.It causes significant regional differences in different regions.The distorting role of state power in basic security for the aged system is the emphasis of this research.Firstly,the state power which stands on an unfair point selects sheltering different groups,which leads to identity system.It means,different groups are suited to different systems of social security and enjoy different levels of pension.This basic security for the aged system treats citizen differently,which damage the fundamental fair purpose of basic security for the aged system.Secondly,local government formulates regional differences in basic security for the aged system,which means different regional coordination units have different pension system.Thirdly,under the different identity system and the region segmentation,if people change identity or migration,they will encounter institutional barriers and the losses of rights and benefits,which dispel the change and migration.This research's approach is as follows:The first chapter is an introduction section.The second chapter discusses reasons and features of social old age security system as a national basic system,and discusses what the state responsibility should to do and what the state power is doing.The third chapter analyzes the fragmentation status of basic security for the aged system,and from the levels of macro,middle and micro to explain it.From the macro view,China's social welfare system is a clear Welfare hierarchies system,while from the medium view,it presents a pattern of difference sequence welfare system.From the microscopic view,individuals in society can compare his/her welfare with others and also compare it with the welfare he/she has got before,and then draw a conclusion about the justice.It is.the center part of this research from the fourth to the seventh chapter,and this chapters analysis how the state power leads to the fragmentation of identity and regional segmentation.The fourth chapter uses framework of power-shelter,and analysis the wrong role of the central government power.It means the central government selects shelter to treat people differently,which leads to identity partition in system,but the sequencing of reforms is extended from the marginalized groups to the core group on the basis of different shelter.The fifth chapter uses the framework of power-game to analyse the game on interest of local government authority and the regional differences in system is formulated according to the policy dicision of local government.Specifically,local governments are in a combination of local interests,taking into account the interests of the center government,enterprise and citizen,and then formulate a comprehensive decision.The sixth chapter uses the framework of power-deprivation,and analysis the institutional barriers and the loss of benefits when people are changing identity or migration.At the same time it focuses on analysis of rights and interests of migrant workers are deprived which are double shift on both identity and region.The seventh chapter indicates the path to integrate the old age security system,while emphasis on the top-level system design,the integration path to the identity and regional differences.The eighth chapter gives the results and the unresolved issues of this research.