A Study Of U.S Foreign Policy Towards Afghanistan During 1979-2010

The United States foreign policy has been characterized as a long and zigzag history since the beginning of America in the late eighteenth century. A study of U.S foreign policy towards Afghanistan, during Soviet-Afghan War 1979-89 and War on Terror 2001-10, during 1979-2010 and its consequences on Pakistan, is a vital part of this long history.Soviet-Afghan War; during 1979 Soviets invaded Afghanistan and a Soviet-Afghan War was born, American's major influence was to be towards this region and reforms in their foreign policies to expel the Soviets from Afghanistan. It took place between 1979 and 1989 about a decade. A lot of analyses were made surrounding this topic but still was obscured such as U.S key foreign policies in the context of Soviet-Afghan War during 1979 and 1989 under Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan Presidencies and how their Administrations provoked hard decisions against Soviet Union and established their own doctrines. Furthermore, this study is to evaluate how U.S got the confidence of other nations and worked together against Soviet Union in Afghanistan and funneled billions of dollars and global dangerous weapons to Afghan freedom fighters (Mujahedin's movements).In identifying the U.S key foreign policy during the whole Soviet-Afghan War 1979 and 1989, the study has been distributed in first three chapters.The work presented in the first chapter of this thesis provides the historical background of Afghanistan's political situation before the war, which caused Soviet Union to invade Afghanistan and let U.S got the influence towards this region.The second chapter of this thesis outline the U.S key foreign policy during this war such as President Carter's initiating steps against Soviet Union, the beginning of U.S financial support to Afghan Mujahedeen, President Carter and President Reagan's hard decisions including establishing of doctrines and supplying of world's dangerous weapons to Afghan freedom fighters'chest through Pakistan against the Soviets presence in Afghanistan.Third three also shed light how U.S alliance with regional states to punish the Soviets in Afghanistan, also revenge on Vietnam War and finally got expel out the Soviets from Afghanistan.War on Terror; This further study moves towards U.S following war and examines the American's foreign policy during the War on Terror from 2001 until 2010, when once again U.S established its foreign policy towards this region to counterattack the terrorists. This important part was still hidden from historians and researchers such as America's critical decisions towards War on Terror, President George W Bush's reforms in U.S major foreign policy towards War on Terror 2001-10, particularly the U!S attacks against Taliban in Afghanistan and Pakistan.In doing so, the work presented in fourth chapter of this thesis will evaluate the emerging of Taliban, the terrorist's attack on the America's World Trade Centre on 9/11, particularly how President Bush took hard decision of War on Terror (WOT) and quickly reforms the U.S foreign policy such as diplomatic, democratic, criminal laws, financial control, state sponsors, covert action, and foreign alliance policies towards this war.The fifth chapter of this thesis thoroughly shed light on President Bush and Barak Obama's more aggressive actions against terrorists during WOT such as using of military force and drone strikes against Taliban in Afghanistan, including alliance with Pakistan to counter the terrorists. The interested people also come to understand how U.S pushed Pakistan to join this war and how Pakistan played a key role to counterattack the terrorists.The sixth chapter of this thesis outlines the American foreign policies'consequences, positive and negative, on Pakistan during both the Afghanistan wars between 1979 and 2010. Through sixth chapter of this study, the readers can have a clear view and a fully understanding how Pakistan played the key role during both the wars and received the billions of dollars and other economical and logistical support from U.S under the U.S foreign policies during both the Afghanistan wars 1979-2010. Further, the readers also come to understand that U.S these policies, from 1979-2010, also showed the various negative consequences on Pakistan, which destroyed Pakistani culture, economy and finally Pakistan got fallen into hell.In conclusion, we will summarize the foundations of U.S foreign policy towards Afghanistan during 1979 and 2010 and its consequences on Pakistan. First, the readers can come to know the U.S foreign policy during Soviet-Afghan war's foundations and discuss the outcomes of President Carter and Reagan Administrations'hard decisions during this war. Furthermore, the foundations of U.S foreign policies and critical strategies during War on Terror 2001-10, will also be summarized in detail. Finally, U.S foreign policy towards Afghanistan 1979-2010, consequences on Pakistan will also be summarized in this conclusion.