The Research On Cultivation Of The Peasant Citizenship Consciousness In China

With the modernization developed swiftly and the urbanization advanced quickly in China, the issues of agriculture, countryside and peasants in our country have been concerned by everyone since the reform and open up. The modernization is not only belonged to the city, but also includes countryside, we can’t realize the modernization without the modernization of the countryside. The modernization embraces political,economical,cultural and social modernization, but the core of the modernization is lied in the peoples’ modernization. The urbanization in China is transformed from the material to the people oriented urbanization. As the subject of the rural development and the agriculture transition, the peasants in our country have been actively or passively involved in the modernization and the urbanization. The basic solution of the issues of the peasant which are the fundamental thing of the issues of the agriculture, countryside and peasants, is changed the traditional consciousness of the farmer from the subject consciousness and the villagers consciousness to citizenship consciousness. The development of the countryside, the transition of the agriculture and the well-being dreams of the farmer is related to the cultivation of the farmers citizenship consciousness. The cultivation of the peasant citizenship consciousness in China which has the internal people-orientated implication is in favor of putting the social engineering of benefiting-farmers into effect, expressing the demand of peasants’ social rights and constructing the socialist qualified citizens.Meanwhile,the cultivation of the peasant citizenship consciousness in China which possesses the social development times value drives a new socialist countryside development, realizes China’s socialist modernization and achieves the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.The paper which is progressing along theoretic foundation-knowledge learninghistorical outline-present analysis-reason exploration-system conduction is themed by the cultivation of the peasant citizenship consciousness in China, on the research background of conducting the new socialist countryside and new-type urbanization,guided by the theory of the Marxist thought of the citizenship and the core values of the socialism,is using the theory of the citizenship and the theory and the theory of the public domain for reference, is based on the historical review of the formation of the peasant citizenship consciousness and starts with the present situation of the cultivation of the peasant citizenship consciousness after the reform and open up, is guided by the constriction of the peasant citizenship consciousness cultivation model.The content is divided into three sections:The first section which is the theoretical basis and practical premise of the formation of the peasant citizenship consciousness is made up of the concept definition, value demand, theoretical basis and the development of the cultivation of the peasant citizenship consciousness. Based on the definition of the peasant,citizen,citizenship consciousness, the peasant citizenship consciousness, this section explains the necessity and the importance of the cultivation of the peasant citizenship consciousness by means of exploring the value dimension. The theory of the cultivation of the peasant citizenship consciousness is on the basis of the Marxist citizens’ thought, that is the subject of the realistic life of individual, is on the premise of the unity of opposites between political state and civil society, is the dialectical unity of rights and obligations as the core and takes people’s liberation as the goal,and the socialist core values including the values of citizens, citizens’ social values and the values of citizens’ moral values. By combing the historical evolution of the cultivation of farmers’ Citizenship Consciousness in our country since the Opium war,Namely, that the national consciousness, the national consciousness, the revolutionary consciousness, the free democratic consciousness and the rational patriotism in our country during the period of 1840-1949,The national identity consciousness,collective consciousness and the sense of ownership which formed in the period of the civil consciousness of farmers in our country during the period of 1949-1978 and the subject consciousness, democratic consciousness and freedom consciousness of Chinese farmers in the development period after 1978,is as a historical and realistic reference for the study of the formation and cultivation of Chinese farmers’ citizen consciousness in the new era.The second section which is the positive analysis of the constriction of the peasant citizenship consciousness is composed of current situation and restraining factor of the cultivation of the peasant citizenship consciousness. Based on investigation by questionnaire survey and door-to-door interviewing some rural areas in Henan province and understanding by quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis,the current situation of the peasant citizenship consciousness which is unbalanced shows that the peasant patriotic consciousness is relatively high but the basic-level just consciousness very low, the peasant consciousness of the freedom is gradually increasing but responsibility consciousness of the family is weak, the peasant democratic consciousness is raising little by little but the rule of law consciousness quite low, the peasants equal consciousness is whole strengthening but self-improvement strength becomes divided, the peasant friendly consciousness promotes but public consciousness is thin, the peasant civilization consciousness enhances but honest and credit consciousness is in lack.Meanwhile,the problems of the cultivation of the peasant citizenship consciousness that the cultivation content is one-side, the cultivation method is single, the cultivation environment is unbalance,the cultivation path is not smooth and the cultivating subject is not clear, are existed.The formation and cultivation of the peasant citizenship consciousness in our country are restricted by the factors of national level which is the long-term existence of the structure of urban and rural two yuan, the household registration system and the absence of the rule of law in China’s rural areas, and restricted by the factors of social level, that China’s rural economic development is not perfect, rural governance structure is not reasonable, the rural civil society is not perfect and the civic cultural structure of the rural citizens is imbalance, and restricted by the factors of individual level that the peasants’ education level is low, the peasants’ organization ability is weak, and the social function of peasants’ family is weakened. The study of thissection is laying the empirical foundation for the construction of the educational model of the peasant citizenship consciousness.The third section which is the thought of the educational system of the peasant citizenship consciousness, is made up of the model construction of the cultivation principle, the content, the method, the path, the environment and the main body. The cultivation model of the peasant citizenship consciousness in China, in the cultivation principle, persists in combining the demand of value and benefit, the Chinese excellent traditional culture and the cultivation of the times spirit with the cultivation of the peasant citizenship consciousness; not only contains the public level of democracy consciousness, justice consciousness, freedom consciousness, equality consciousness, consciousness of the rule of law and public consciousness, it also covers the personal level of patriotic consciousness, responsibility consciousness,civilization consciousness, friendly consciousness, good faith consciousness and self strengthening consciousness, in the cultivation content; and, in the cultivation method,combines the method of the activity education、organization education、mess media education、school education with the family education;and,in the cultivation environment, the cultivation model unites the building of the local environment with the inheritance of the historical environment, the investment of the life environment with the devotion of the work environment, the pursuit of the economic environment with the shape of the cultural environment, the visuality of the actual environment with acceptance of the virtual environment;and,in the cultivation path, the foundation of the cultivation of the peasant citizenship consciousness is established by the participation of the socialist market economy, the rural democratic political construction, the improvement of the rural public goods supply system,the construction of the rural civic culture and the construction of the rural ecological civilization;and,in the cultivation subject, the three-in-one cultivation subject modelcould be constructed from the microscopic generation path of the internal conscious peasant, the macroscopic communication path of the social organization, and the macroscopic top-level design path of the country. It is a long-term multiple cooperation process to cultivate the peasant citizenship consciousness in China which takes on the characteristic of the long-term cultivation time and the difficult cultivation process.Therefor,through the construction and implementation of the cultivation mode of farmers’ citizen consciousness in our country, the cultivation of the peasant citizenship consciousness will be transited from the affirmative stage, the negative phase to the new positive stage, the cultivation content will be promoted innovation, the cultivation method will be advanced with the times, and then to realize the qualitative leap of the cultivation of the peasant citizenship consciousness.