History And Theories Of Socialism In Eastern Europe

The problem of socialist theories has been one of the most important issues during the 20^th century.Adoption of the socialist path after WWII was widely accepted by leaders and theorists in Eastern Europe.Faced with shackles of the rigid Soviet socialism,they did not deny the socialist path fundamentally,but actively promoted the socialist reform to get rid of the control of Soviet socialism.On the one hand,leaders and theorists in Eastern Europe deeply analyzed and criticized Soviet socialism.On the other hand,they took an active part in the socialist reform in their own countries to achieve a profound exposition of socialist reform theories.Failure of the socialist reform in Eastern Europe was one of the greatest regrets on the exploration path of socialism.In terms of external causes,the despotic and rigid Soviet socialism was too deeply rooted in Eastern Europe,and conservative forces in various socialist countries of Eastern Europe fought to maintain the rigid social system,thus invisibly brining many obstacles to the path of the socialist reform.In terms of internal causes,the political reform forces and the theoretical reform forces,though both recognizing the socialist reform,held different ideas about progress and degree of reform.The theorists focused on the development trend of the socialist reform from a philosophical perspective,while the politicians attempted to seek solutions to existing problems.Thus,conflict between the two were inevitable.However,the theoretical exploration of theorists about the socialist reform,the exploration practices of politicians and the disputes between the two on the issue—all these have left precious assets for further exploration of the socialist reform.