The Research On Rosa Luxembourg's Thought Of Democracy

The purpose of this thesis is to show that,Rosa Luxembourg is a philosopher with considerable theoretical attainment,which is manifested in her inheritance and development of Marx's dialectics of totality and humanitarian principles.This general vision and revolutionary humanitarianism make her democratic ideas different from the democratic ideas of Bernstein and Kautsky,as well as Lenin's democratic ideology.At the same time,Rosa Luxemburg creatively unifies together the dialectics of totality and this humanitarian factor of concern of individual,which makes her concept of totality not only different from Hegel's concept of totality,but also different from individualism.This thesis also seeks to break through the limitations of previous studies on Rosa Luxembourg's democratic ideology,in addition to explaining the field of "political democracy",further excavating Rosa Luxembourg's ideological resources of "economic democracy" and "international democracy".This thesis shows that Rosa Luxembourg's democratic ideology is the unity of the factual level and the value level.The factual level includes 'political democracy","economic democracy" and"international democracy".The value level is what Marx said "human liberation" with humanitarian implications.Rosa Luxembourg's family is full of freedom;As a Jewish woman in the Russian Polish region,she feels a lot of oppression and discrimination,which makes her childhood full of longing for democracy,freedom and equality;The contact with"Proletarian",as well as her experience in the Social Democratic Party of Germany,has deepened her demands for democracy;Criticism of revisionism is also the theoretical premise of Rosa Luxembures democratic ideology.Rosa Luxemburg's democratic thought is the inheritance and development of Marx's revolutionary democracy thought.The inheritance and development is mainly reflected in her exposition of Marx's revolutionary,critical dialectics and in her exposition of Marx's the humanitarian principles based on the dialectics.In the view of Rosa Luxembourg,Marx's doctrine is the unity of totality dialectics,theory and value pursuing.Theory is the rational factor of Marx's doctrine,and the value is the humanitarian factor of Marx's doctrine.Both are the internal elements of dialectics,and determine the nature of Marx's dialectics and thus become the ontological basis of his revolutionary democratic ideology.From this point of view,Rosa Luxemburg elucidates Marxist dialectics of totality.Rosa Luxemburg herself also attaches great importance to the dialectics of totality in theoretical creation and revolutionary practice.She puts the specific social phenomenon in the whole social scene to be investigated.She looks to the past,present,and future.She puts the relationship between subject and object,the relationship between the theory and practice as inseparable dialectical relationship.She also puts the relationship between the purpose and process,the relationship between objective and tactics as inseparable relationship.Rosa Luxembourg has introduced the concept of space into the interpretation of the process of world history.The process of the formation of world history is the process that capitalism relies on non-capitalism and swallows the latter at the same time.Rosa Luxemburg's democratic thought is saturated with dialectics of totality.Her so-called true democracy means the unification of the economic democracy,political democracy and international democracy.Socialist democracy is based on economic democracy,and is made up of economic democracy and political democracy and international democracy as a whole.In the view of Rosa Luxembourg,"economic democracy" is that,the people,within the social system based on public ownership,become the master of economic life,equally participate in the control of economic life,and equally participate in major economic decision-making."Economic democracy" also means that,labor is no longer just the means of making a living,but rather a way to show the essential strength of the laborers.In Rosa Luxemburg's view,"international democracy" is that,around the world,on the basis of public ownership,each "nation" carries out autonomy,independently deals with the affairs of politics,economy and culture within the nation."International democracy" means the implementation of democratic social management within the nation,the coordination of interests between individuals and individuals within the nation."International democracy" also means equality,peace,and ultimately integration between nations.Rosa Luxemburg's political democracy includes these aspects:democracy and socialism,democracy and dictatorship,the inner-party democracy.As for the relationship between democracy and socialism,Rosa Luxemburg,points out that without democracy there can be no socialism,there cannot be achieved full democracy without socialism.In terms of the relationship between democracy and dictatorship,Rosa Luxemburg argues that the socialist democracy and the dictatorship of the proletariat is the dialectical unity.In terms of inner-party democracy,Rosa Luxemburg creatively puts forward the concept of "self centralism",she also stresses to keep a two-way interactive relationship between leaders and the masses,and between the party and the masses.Rosa Luxemburg's democratic thought has important inspiration to us.The purpose that today we study Rousseau Luxembourg's democratic ideology,is not to regard her thoughts as truth to worsip.What we have to do today is through her democratic ideology to comprehend the revolutionary humanistic spirit and to comprehend the method to observe the social history,which is the essence of both Marx and Rosa Luxembourg's democratic ideology,but also the inherent requirement of inheriting and developing Marx's thought.In the face of bourgeois democracy,We must keep a clear mind,neither blindly worshiping bourgeois democracy nor rejecting it?In the face of the "universal values" including democratic thought,it is necessary for us not only to see behind this slogan the capital logic and the motive for the establishment of the capitalist world system,but also to absorb reasonably human common political ideas and value pursuits.Rosa Luxemburg's democratic thought also has important implications for China's democratic construction.We should attach great importance to the initiative of the masses of the people,we also need to improve and perfect the supervision mechanism.