Research On Collaborative Ecological Environment Governance Of Liaoning Based On Liao River Watershed Case

Protecting ecological environment is a constitutional requirement and one of the basic policies of the nation.Liaoning,the cradle of new China's industry,has made a historic contribution to the industrial development and modernization of the new China.However,as China's heavy and chemical industry base,Liaoning payed such a heavy price for the extensive economy development type marked by high energy consumption,high cost and high pollution that the green revitalization of this old industrial base was seriously impeded.Having been in arrears of ecological environment governance for a long time,Liaoning accumulated a lot of ecological environment problems.Meanwhile,economy development caused persistent pollution emission which exceeded environmental carrying capacity,and the structural and composite pollution hasn't fundamentally changed yet.Restricted by historical and realistic conditions,Liaoning's ecological environment problems cannot be solved by government lonely.Therefore,it's of great theoretical and practical significance to explore strategies for Liaoning old industrial base's ecological environment governance.Among the cluster of governance theories,theory of collaborative governance is of distinct explanatory power for ecological environment governance in China.This power comes not only from the theoretical and practical need,but also from ideas about collaboration in traditional Chinese culture.Influenced by NPM movement,it becomes a trend that collaborating to solve ecological environment problems.Proposing analytical framework of collaborative governance means not only simply the summary of general rules,but also the sign of theory's maturity.Collaborative governance theory is applicable to explain the problem of ecological environment governance in Liaoning.Following the framework and through field survey of the Liao River watershed case,the system context,collaborative dynamics,joint actions and outcome are analyzed.Furthermore,a localized model of collaborative ecological environment governance is proposed.This model is contingent,pressure conductive,takes governments at the center,and has a complex collaborative network.To apply this model to other sectors of public affairs,it still needs to be considered in the system context,the collaborative dynamics and the inclusion of stakeholders.Combined with the experience of practice and innovation about collaborative ecological environment governance of Liaoning,it is discussed where the model can be improved about not only green revitalization and stakeholder inclusion,but also adaptations,practical strategies and dynamics improvement to further promote and apply it,thereby collaborative governance could be the fundamental solution for the ecological environment affairs of Liaoning.