Higher Education Research In The Anti-Japanese Base Area (1937-1945)

During the period of National Anti-Japanese War,the flames were filled with the fumes of gunpowder,but the Chinese Communist Party vigorously developed higher education,which made the higher education work in the anti-Japanese base areas enter a prosperous period.There was an unprecedented development situation,which had achieved great achievements in military,cultural,economic and other aspects of talent,which has played a significant role in the victory of the war of resistance against Japan,the victory of the new democratic revolution and the construction of new China.This thesis focusing on the "The study of higher education in the Anti-Japanese base areas(1937-1945)" has two reasons.Firstly,the higher education in the Anti-Japanese base areas played a very special role in the history of CPC's education.Secondly,the study about this area is very weak from the existing academic achievements.This thesis consists of two parts:introduction and text.The introduction mainly introduces the reasons and significance of the topic,the research status,the research method,the innovation and the difficulty of the thesis and defines the concepts of the anti-Japanese war,the anti-Japanese base area and the higher education.The text consists of five chapters.The first chapter mainly introduces the reasons that the CPC developed higher education during the period of National Anti-Japanese War.Before the July 7th incident of 1937,the CPC established higher education,cultivated a lot of cadres and talents for the revolution,accumulated some experiences.During the period of National Anti-Japanese War,the CPC developed the higher education in order to solve the problem of shortage of cadres and ability to adapt to the needs of the war of resistance,to improve the party's theoretical level to oppose dogmatism,to promote Marxism in China,to develop the new democratic culture.In view of these reasons,at that time,the CPC actively advocated to develop the higher education.The second chapter reviews the establishment and development of higher education in the anti-Japanese base areas in detail.This chapter mainly reviews the brewing and development of the Chinese People's Anti-Japanese Military andPolitical University,the Northern Shaanxi Public School,the Lu Xun Art Institute,the Yan'an Academy of Natural Sciences,the China Women's University,the China Medical University and the Marxist-Leninist College and so on,reviews the development of the institutions of the party school of the Central Committee of the CPC and the establishment of Yan'an University after the rectification movement,introduces the basic situation of institutions such as North China Union University,Jianghuai University and Xuefeng Military and Political University and so on.The fundamental purpose of institutions of higher education is to train cadres in order to win the war.In some institutions of the brewing and development process,Mao Zedong played an important role.The third chapter combs the main problems in the development of higher education in the anti-Japanese base areas.Linking theory with practice is the basic education policy.Teaching characteristics in the practice teaching included the leading cadres giving lessons,strengthening the political education and so on.These teaching features have a distinctive brand of the times.In addition,this chapter introduces the curriculum and teaching materials,teachers and students of universities in the anti-Japanese base areas.The fourth chapter gives a brief review of the higher education in the anti-Japanese base areas.This paper argues that the achievements of higher education in the anti-Japanese base areas are mainly based on the following three points:Firstly,it cultivated a large number of cadres and talents.Secondly,it played an important role in the revolutionary work.Thirdly,it laid the foundation for the future higher education.In the same time,we must also correctly understand the limitation of higher education in the anti-Japanese base areas,such as short learning time,simple faculties,unsystematic curriculums,poor school conditions and so on.The fifth chapter reviews the experiences.These experiences included emphasis on the development of higher education,the education policies that are compatible with the War of Resistance Against Japan,upholding the party's leadership,carrying forward the spirit of arduous struggle,flexible and diversified teaching methods,improving the education system and so on.