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Shanghai Cooperation Organization's Enlargement:the Process,influence And Measures

Posted on:2019-03-01Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:L LiFull Text:PDF
GTID:1316330566964481Subject:Marxist Theory of International Relations and China 's Foreign Relations
Abstract/Summary:PDF Full Text Request
As a security and economic cooperation organization,the Shanghai Cooperation Organization?SCO?is the most influential one in Eurasian region,and it is a main institutional tool for China to implement its Central Asian policies,maintain the security of the west,and participate in cooperation in Eurasian region as well.In June 2017,the SCO completed its member state expansion for the first time,and India and Pakistan officially joined the SCO.The accession of new members,the extension of geography,and expansion of the agenda will not only significantly affect the internal operation and development of the SCO,the changes of interest patterns of all member states within the SCO region,but it will also reshape the geopolitical structure of the entire Central and South Asia regions.As two regional great powers,India and Pakistan have different demands towards the SCO,and their relations among the former member states are complicated,which further highlights the controversy and unpredictability of this expansion.For a long time to come,the SCO will be in the period of adaptation and adjustment after the membership expansion.The SCO has to take full advantage of membership expansion and control related risks to promote rapidly progressing of the SCO rather than taking the wrong turning.The idea of suspending the expansion has once became a mainstream in China,which showed the complex impact of the SCO's expansion on China.Under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core,diplomatic theory in China is being made comprehensive innovation;overall layout is being upgraded at the same time.After the expansion,China has to ensure the original functions of the SCO,such as implementing Central Asia policy,maintaining the security of the west,and promoting multilateral cooperation in Eurasian region,etc.work normally,and China need to make the SCO undertake the new mission of the“One Belt and One Road”construction and promote the vision of Asia's new security concept and a community of shared future for mankind.All mentioned above raised urgent demands for the study of the SCO's expansion.As another consequence of the expansion,not necessarily benefit or risk,China,Russia and India will have the first opportunity to interact in the same regional organization.In theory,these three countries could form four modes of interaction,namely"strategic triangle","two carriages",Russia and India Vs China and Pakistan,and the last one,Russia dominating.Combining with the preferences of every member state,the most likely scenario would be that the three countries is going to form an inverted strategic triangle which means Russia and China continue to play a role of“two driving carriages"while India's influence is relatively weak.However,with the leverage in some major policy decisions and actions in the SCO,India's influence would gradually increase.In the face of new opportunities,new challenges and new situations,we should make adequate preparations for it.Internally,the SCO should improve and reform the institutional system of the organization,accelerate the implementation and deepening of the current economic and trade cooperation,and promote the development of important institutions such as the development bank and the energy club.In addition,the SCO also need to integrate resources and advantages of India and Pakistan in Afghanistan issues to set up a security network system which covers both central Asia and South Asia and takes combating the"three Evils"and participating in the Afghanistan reconstruction as two core functions.Finally,we should prepare to prevent India and Pakistan's conflict and consider the possibility of creating a mechanism of conflict mediating in case of the potential conflicts between member states.On foreign relations,the SCO will have more resources and stronger motivation to collaborate with other major regional and international organizations in order to widen its strategic space in Asia and the globe and find new cooperation potential.China is the most affected country by the SCO's expansion.On the one hand,the expansion will have brought some risks on China's interests in the SCO.On the other hand,the expansion itself is the result of China's diplomatic strategy update sine the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.After the expansion,the SCO will better serve China's diplomatic strategy implementation and strategies.Therefore,China should take some countermeasures to deal with and minimize the risk of expansion,which include pushing to the adjustment of decision-making mechanism in the SCO,improving its agenda setting skills and determinations.What more,China should also seek to promote and play a leading role in the building process of conflict-mediating mechanism and speed up the docking between the SCO and other regional cooperation initiatives and institutions such as One Belt One Road and AIIB which China had created.At the same time,we should put the SCO's expansion in the context of China's recent diplomacy update and investigate its new value.First,the SCO will become the carrier,platform and security guarantee of One Belt One Road in central Asia and South Asia.The success of the SCO's expansion will also accumulate experience and prestige for One Belt And One Road.Second,the expansion also proves China's Asian New Security Concept is widely accepted.Maintaining the peaceful coexistence of India and Pakistan and building up the counter-terrorism security network within eight members would be considered as a new practice and achievement of the Asia New Security Concept in the Eurasian region to in Eurasia.In addition,building the common identity and a community of shared future among the 8 member states is a partial experiment and impetus for China to promote the concept of Community of Shared Future on a global scale.Based on the new functions and new values the SCO has in China's diplomacy strategies,the traditional research and decision-making path is no long suitable for the new situation.We should attempt to transcend national and short-term interests and introduce the international system development,trans-regional integration,and China,Russia and India Triangular interaction as our new research paths in order to promote China's decision-making and research to a higher level.At present,the international community is facing many difficulties,such as the return of cold war mentality,the prevalence of conservatism,the interweaving of non-traditional security and traditional security issues.China's leader Xi Jinping,based on deep insights into the situation at home and abroad,achieved a great innovation of China's foreign relation theory and the overall diplomacy layout with Chinese characteristics.The SCO completed its first expansion in this historic moment.Hopefully this research can provide the SCO some theoretic and practical support when it goes through the adaptation period after the expansion.China would also benefit from this research in terms of dealing with the risks of expansion and serving One Belt One Road implementation.This study will prove the scientific nature and vitality of the foreign relation theory with Chinese characteristics,and its ultimate goal is to help the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Keywords/Search Tags:Shanghai Cooperation Organization, Expansion, One Belt One Road, Indo-Pak Conflict, Strategic Triangle
PDF Full Text Request
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