Studies On Urban Village Renewal Of Independence

The rapid industrialization and urbanization is leading the major production factors such as labor force, capital, technology and information exchanging and gathering, since China's reform and open-up. For instance, Shenzhen's rapid urbanization leads the stable economic growth. Great achievements are also be made in the fields such as social and cultural construction. But in the meanwhile, problems such as unbalanced development pattern, unreasonable population structure, disequilibrium between urban and rural society, faultiness of social management are obstacles to the quality of urbanization and sustainable development of the city. The key feature of new pattern urbanization is focusing on the quality of the development. The healthy urbanization development path which aims for improving quality, structure and efficiency has to be promoted.Urban village is result of urban spatial spreading to the countryside. It is an uncompleted urbanization residential area formed on original rural area. Along with transforming the land of urban village to state-owned land, villagers became citizens, but issues from aspects like economic development, urban management social management are following. Besides that, issues like economic growth over-depended on land and house rent, communitymanagement over-depended on the joined-stock company form by original villager, grass-roots community managementgroup is not well organized, residents'requirements on education, health care and social security cannot be satisfied. Construction of the majority of urban villages continually follows the village's natural growth path which is lack of integrated planning. The illegalconstructions boost by interest of house rent are causing discordance in environment, social order and living facilities. In the mean well,due to the superior location of urban village, the potential of the land of urban village is found by more people. Urban Village renewal has become an indispensable part of urbanization due to the request of urban space development, improving live environment and land appreciation.Shenzhen's typical urban village settlement is formed by the conflict between rapid urbanization of Shenzhen and the shortage of land resources. The implementation of Shenzhen's urban village renewal starts simultaneously with its urban development. The model of Shenzhen's urban village management started as governmentguidance, then old village transform, then urban village transform, and finally urban renewal. For many years, urban village renewal and reconstruction of Shenzhen is depending on land management system reforming and innovation. As a policy which kept innovating and regrouping, urban renewal pays more tension on innerrenewal,organic renewal, implementcomprehensive improvement and reconstruction simultaneously, embody the guidance of government and tendency of market, in order to boost the driving force of urban renewal. So far, the area of land from secondary development has exceeded the area of land from new construction in Shenzhen's land market. Many infrastructures like schools, kindergartens, community health centers, bus stops and low-cost housing are provided to the community.After analyzing many kinds of urban renewal models, this paper took a further step of study on urban village renewal of independence. From the present situation, Shenzhen have implemented several model of urban village renewal of independence based on different time period and background, and they are:redistributing of right and interest based, transformation of management method based, urban renewable based. By studying on those village renewal cases, many issues were analyzed such as: urban planning, land use, legal policy, financial policy, social management, cultural diversity. As results, a comprehensive Shenzhen independent urban renewal plan is presented. This paper argues that, as a result of Shenzhen is one of China's top economic and social developmentcities, high value of land, land resourceshortage, No1inventory of urban village, it has certain demonstration for reference and some lessons should also be learned. Shenzhen's urban village renewal plan should achieve standers like high quality, sustainable planning, establishing market dependent resource distribution system, embodying the different between urban renewal and urban growth, organically bonding with community development to satisfy the need of new urbanization.This paper take Shenzhen's independent urban renewal model as an example, by using abstract method to extract the model of independent urban renewal. To be specific, the model of independent urban renewal is to consummate the relevant regulation, system and mechanism in the frame of urban and rural comprehensive planning, during the process, focus on issues like storage land use and long term benefits equilibrium. In order to achieve humanist urban renewal, cultural society management, organic space structure and inheritablecommunity culture, the following changes need to be made:Instead of partially participating, government should guide the whole process; Instead of simply change villager to citizen, make villagers to become the shareholder of modern enterprise. Instead of letting company and society as a whole, clarify the function of the company; Instead of following administrative order, organically implement urban renewal process from bottom to top.Urban village renewal's implement background is urbanization of a city has reached a certainpoint. Thecharacteristic of urban renewal became deep urbanization. The main body of urban renewal implementation is villagers. The relationship between them is close and conflict. The principle of independent urban renewal is leading by villagers, corporation, insure public interest, sharing, implement planning, sustainable development, clarify the own ship of land, intensive use resource, to inherit tradition, accept culture diversity. This paper also states the processes of implementing anindependent urban renewal project. The model of independent urban renewal is also has its feasibility and boundedness:firstly, certain level of politicial governance ability is required. Government should guild the urban renewal process follow the urban development master plan and lead the urban renewal plan connected with city's industry, economy, and society develop plan. In addition, Should according to the rule of law operation way of thinking to promote independent urban renewal. Secondly, certain level of organizing ability is required, village collective and joint-stock company should have enough speaking right, forward-looking vision, sense of duty to lead villager to have a better life and the ability to promote the policy. Last not the least, a good market climate is required. In the background of legislation, establish the regulation which can promote independent urban renewal. In addition, establish relevant social organization is necessary.At the end of this paper, it states the policy suggestion witch will help promoting independent urban renewal model. Firstly, it is necessary to establish independent urban renewal relevant policy. This is not only the decision made by the central government aims at deepen reform, but also the requirement of clarify the land development main body, marketization of land resource, solve limited property house problem. The issues like land ownership, land contracted management right, and land use and transfer need to be ruling from host law level. Each city should enacted supporting regulations and policies under the guidance of host law. In the main well, the financial support should be enhanced by establishing special independent urban renewal investment and financing platform. Besides that, should state the stander of independent urban renewal implementation. Secondly, the independent urban renewalmechanism witch taking fairness and efficiency in account should be established. In the aspect of income distribution mechanism, according to central's requirement of "establish the land value-added revenue distribution mechanism combines nation, collective and individual". In the aspect of urban planning, propose plan which can make local residents, citizen and external population can all share the interest which produced by urban development and land appreciation. At the same time, the culture diversity should be secured. Thirdly, while promoting independent urban renewal, the transformation of locale community self-governancemechanism and community joint-stock company should be promoted at the same time. Construct the managementmechanism more suitable for the urban village after renewed. It is necessary to clarify the organizations witch guide primary-level community work, such as community party committee, community residents' committee, community work station. Take over community joint-stock company's social function and transaction function gradually. Let those three primary-level community organization independent to each other but tightly work together. At the same time, to synchronize the village's economic development and upgrading, establish the supporting policies benefit to joined-stock company transforming, make community joint-stock company gradually transformto modern enterprises, and improve in terms of governance and economic ability.