Research On The Impact Of Retirement Shock On Household Consumption In The Context Of Population Aging

China has been faced with the irreversible trend of aging society since the year of 2000."The baby boom" generation has entered into retirement since 2010.Because of the second wave of retirement,the number of elderly people increased and reached the peak.The growth of retirees in the aging society has huge influences in their family income,consumption and mentality at micro level.lt also influenced the labor supply,the consumption of whole society and the industrial structure at macro level.However,due to the system of compulsory retirement,which is carrying out in China now,the amount of retirees will be more and more in this era of ageing society.And the biggest problem is the insufficient consumption demand,which exists in "new normal" economy.The retirement decisions of the group of retired people will bring dynamic impact to the resident consumption and influence the development and stabilization of economy.Based on this,this paper focuses on the analysis of the impact of retirement on the consumption level and consumption structure of the residents' families,and studies whether the phenomenon of "retirement consumption dilemma" is real in reality consumer life.And on this basis,select Shanghai as a typical case city,according to the questionnaire and qualitative interviews,in-depth understanding of the living conditions of retired residents in Shanghai,sort out and interpret the "retirement" and the elderly consumer behavior of the real relevance of retirement The history of combing let us recreate the economic life of the retired group.As China and the United States,Japan,facing the aging population under the background of the "baby boom" generation of retirement peak on the impact of social and economic development and challenges,we then transform the perspective of research from china to foreign countries,analysis of the United States,Japan measures to deal with the changes of residents' consumption after retirement and its enlightenment to China.Based on the conclusion and discovery of this paper,with the experience and proof of theory and practice,this paper is about how to effectively respond to the negative impact of population aging and the negative impact of family retirement in the context of economic transition and family consumption structure changes,in order to expand consumer demand,enhance the confidence of family residents,put forward the corresponding thinking and recommendations.The main findings and conclusions of this paper are as follows:First,the main source of income for the residents after retirement is the three major parts of the family,the family support of other members,labor income,and the retirement pension.However,there are obvious gender and urban differences in the main source of income for the elderly.Second,the sensitivity of the goods or businesses to improve the service price higher;again,more practical,especially value the practical function of the product;Finally,the consumption of goods,consumption frugality,lower marginal propensity to consume,higher precautionary savings.Second,the factors that affect the household consumption of the residents after retirement are mainly the consumption habits and consumption strength of the residents'families,the government-related consumption and tax policies,the social security level enjoyed by the residents,the degree of protection of the rights and interests of consumers,the degree of economic development and other macro factors The supply of old consumption.The impact of retirement on the consumption of residents is mainly reflected in the direct impact and indirect effects of two aspects.The direct effect of retirement on consumption is consumption structure,consumption motive,consumption habit,altruistic consumption;indirect effect is through indirect transmission mechanism such as income distribution,economic growth,labor productivity,industrial structure,social security system to affect consumption.Thirdly,the impact of the retirement mandatory system directly led to a 15.7%decline in the level of household consumption before retirement.In terms of the impact of the consumption structure,the proportion of expenses incurred in connection with work-related clothing and postal services was 25.6%and 12.2%respectively.The expenditure on services and services for household equipment and services decreased by 23.3%,household consumption expenditure and health care expenditure respectively,an increase of 31.8%and 23.5%,the impact of educational entertainment spending is not significant.At the same time,Shanghai in our country as a high degree of aging of the city,the retirement of consumer spending to bring a negative impact on residents after retirement reduced the total expenditure of the original family 23.20%,10%confidence level significantly.Consumption structure level mainly reflects the decline in clothing category 39.3%,household equipment supplies and services fell by 48.4%.Fourthly,the proportion of high-income earners after retirement is reduced,while the proportion of low-income areas is higher than that before retirement.Compared with the pre-retirement period,the proportion of monthly food expenses of the residents after retirement has not occurred The proportion of consumers in the proportion of the total monthly expenditure in the range of 30-40%increase in the number of 80%;consumption in the proportion of 40%-50%of the number increased by 56%;post-retirement options The proportion of "public transport" retired residents increased by 27%compared with that before retirement.After retirement,residents began to pay attention to their interpersonal relationships and increased the proportion of spiritual consumption in total consumption.In addition,through the case study of four retired residents in Shanghai,it is necessary to develop the daily interest of the consumer behavior,and the spiritual consumption is the need to expand the individual interest.Social communication is the driving force of the old consumption.And,the elderly consumption embedded intergenerational relationship.Chapter 5 analyzes the measures taken by the United States and Japan to cope with the changes in the consumption of residents after retirement.In the case of delayed retirement age system,pension insurance coverage,payment and social security financing methods and the development of old-age industry,especially the elderly market segmentation,science and technology innovation,the old industrial development policy system,the combination of production and research,the elderly industry associations to encourage the reemployment of old labor and so there are many to the United States,Japan learn from the place,not only that,but also in economic development model,economic restructuring.Increase economic vitality in-depth thinking,such as focusing on the development of the real economy,accelerate the transformation of economic development,improve the autonomy of enterprises and innovation,and further expand domestic demand.For the above conclusions,we put forward four policy recommendations,namely,change the concept of consumption of family residents effectively,improve the pension system and other social security system;optimize supply and improve the structure of consumption;improve old-age services,scientific development of the elderly consumer market or the development of old industry;implement the "healthy aging to change the negative effects of retirement consumption.