Study On Management Scale And Technical Efficiency Of Grain Farming Households

The shortage of grain in China has been basically solved and the structural contradiction has become main problem at present.Because farm households are still the main body of agricultural production in china,optimizing the allocation of resource of farm households,promoting farm households to expand the scale is helpful to change the mode of agricultural growth and promote the reform of agricultural supply side structure.Base on 517 grain production households' survey data and 80 village survey data in Henan,Heilongjiang and Sichuan provinces the paper analyzed the characteristics of the grain scale management of farm household in our country,explored the factors influencing the scale of the farm household,studied the technical choice behavior and the technical efficiency of the ordinary farmers and the scale farmers.The purpose of the paper is to provide references and suggestions for improving the technical level and technical efficiency of grain farmers,and steadily promoting farmers to expand the scale of grain production.This paper consists of seven chapters.The core contents and views are as follows:In the third chapter according to the macro statistic data,the paper analyzed changes on grain production environment and the average size of each grain production household in China and in sample province.The study found that changes in agricultural production environment in our country provide the conditions for the moderate scale management of grain.Ordinary farmers and scale farmers coexistence is inevitable in China's economic and social development.The average grain size of each household of Henan,Heilongjiang and Sichuan provinces was significantly changed since the Chinese Reform and Opening Up.And the grain size of each household and its changes are significantly different in different provinces.In the fourth chapter the paper analyzed the basic characteristics of the scale of sample household based on household survey data and analyzed the factors affecting the rate of land transfer using Tobit regression model based on village survey data.The study found that farmers engaging in agricultural production are older and less educated at present,but the scale farmers' age is relatively younger and their education level is relatively higher compared to ordinary farmers.The annual net income per capita of village,proportion of plain in total arable land,whether the local government has direct subsidy to the scale management have a significant positive effect on village land transfer,yet the average number of plot have significant negative effect on village land transfer.In the fifth chapter based on the Logit model,the paper analyzed the factors influencing the behavior of ordinary and scale farmers for environmentally friendly chemical technology adoption.Based on Ordered Probit model,the study verified whether the expansion of farm scale is beneficial to improve the level of farmers' technology level.It is found that the factors that affect the ordinary and scale farmers' selection of environmentally friendly chemical technology are different.Expanding the scale of operation is helpful to improving technical level of farmers.The paper analyzed the technical efficiency and influencing factors of farmers with different operating scale in the sixth chapter.Applying stochastic frontier production model,the production function is set to the C-D production function,the land area is divided into eleven grades.Introducing technical inefficiency model,by one step method,calculate the technical efficiency of farmers and the factors affecting technical efficiency.The study found that farmers output increased along with the increase of planting area and mechanical input.Biochemical inputs have a positive impact on output but it is not significant.The elasticity coefficient of labor input is negative and significant.The effect of age on the inefficiency of technology is negative and significant,and the proportion of non-farm income in net income has a positive effect on agricultural technology inefficiency.Based on the regional dummy variables the paper found that Heilongjiang province has the highest technical efficiency and the lowest technical efficiency in Sichuan Province.Sorting the technical efficiency of different operating scale the top three are: SD9(200-500 mu)>SD4(20-30 mu)>SD3(10-20 mu).The technical efficiency of maize farmers has reached a high level,but there is still room for further improvement in the overall production efficiency.Based on the above studies,the following policies were recommended in the seventh chaper: Improving rural property rights trading platform to provide stable expectations for large-scale farmers;taking actions according to local conditions,striving to develop village economy;strengthening the basic agricultural technology extension,providing precision agricultural technical service;enhancing the stability of employment of migrant workers,to solve the worries after the transfer of land;Cultivating professional farmers to meet the needs of modern agricultural development and improving the quality of scale farmers;improving the level of informatization,and developing agricultural productive service industry.