Research On The Coordinated Demarcation Of "Three Lines" Under The Background Of Ecological Civilization

With the rapid urbanization and industrialization in China,the social and economic development level and the speed of population urbanization has made the world's attention since from the reform and opening up.However,in the process of rapid urbanization in China,the problems such as the low quality of industry,the waste of arable land resources and the deterioration of ecological environment are becoming more and more serious.Facing the reality of increasing urbanization,wasting cultivate land resource and the continued degradation of ecosystem,how to coordinate the relationship between the urban development,arable land protection and ecosystem protection has become the main contradiction in land management.Although Chinese take the most stringent farmland protection system,and the protection of arable land play an important role to some extent,but there are also exist some problems in basic farmland such as demarcating far distance instead of near demarcated bad area instead of good,and frequently spatial layout adjustment.At the same time,the urban land use not only extensively inefficient,blindly expansion,and the spread of farmland resources and serious issues is still grim,but also in the extensive economic development pattern,the land ecosystem has developed from structural damage to functional disorder,thus changing the mode of development,improve the urbanization quality,harmonize the relationship between urban development and cultivated land protection and ecological system protection,which has become the inevitable choice for sustainable development.The 18 th CPC National Congress report that,we must vigorously promote the construction of ecological civilization,according to the principle of the balance in population,resources and environment and the unity of economic and social ecological benefits to optimize the spatial pattern of land development.“Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Some Major Issues Concerning Comprehensively Deepening the Reform” adopted by The Third Plenum reforms require that we must establish a complete system of ecological civilization which can protect the ecological environment.At the same time,we demarcating the boundary of urban,the protection red lines of permanent prime farmland and the ecological red lines according to “Integrated Reform Plan for Promoting Ecological Progress”,“National land planning outline(from 2016-2030)”,“National land planning outline(from 2016-2030)”,“Opinions on the demarcation and adherence to the red line of ecological protection”.Thus,the three line as an important policy tool in the construction of ecological civilization,which attaches great importance to the party and the country.However,what are the specific requirements of ecological civilization for "three lines" ? How to clear the relationship between the urban development,farmland protection and ecological protection system by three line.This relationship has become an urgent scientific problem that need to solve,therefore,it has important theoretical and practical significance of ecological civilization under the background of "three lines" demarcated coordination.First of all,this study combed the related research in domestic and international,analyze the relevant research results of "three lines" coordination,and summarize the research progress and shortcomings;Secondly,define the Goal-direction and the function orientation of "three lines" under the background of ecological civilization from the enlightenment of the theoretical origin,concept connotation and ecological civilization thought of ecological civilization on the coordination of "three lines";Finally,constructing the method of coordination of "three lines" coordination under the background of ecological civilization,taking Xiangyang,Hubei province as an example.In order to provides the theoretical basis and method support for the coordination of "three lines" under the background of ecological civilization.The main results and conclusions are as follows:(1)It defines the basic principles and expands the function orientation of "three lines" under the background of ecological civilization.The urban growth boundary,permanent basic farmland protection and ecological protection red are special space according to different goal orientation and regulation,thus the defined procession should be consistent with the basic law of land use in different target oriented.At the same time,the development of city boundary has not only guide the city expansion direction and control the size of the city,but also has coordinated social and economic development and food security and ecosystem service function aim at the coordinated and sustainable development of social economy and ecological system;The red line for the protection of the permanent basic farmland will not only assume the responsibility of ensuring regional food security,but also have the function of satisfying the rational development of the city within the scope of regional ecosystem carrying capacity;The ecological protection of the red line as a guarantee of regional ecological security and the designated minimum space range,which not only bear the protection of ecosystem integrity and connectivity function,but also can indicate the delineation of permanent basic farmland protection boundary and city development boundary,thus reducing the impact of urban expansion and land protection of ecological system.(2)This paper establishes the method system of "three lines" coordination under the background of ecological civilizationThis study will take urban expansion as a starting point to build the "three lines" coordination method system: First,Combined with the formation mechanism and mechanism of ecosystem services and the formation mechanism of ecological environment to determine and identify the red line of ecological protection;Second,the objective of the paper is to calculate the demand of the permanent prime farmland in the target year,and to establish the index system and evaluation method of the rationality of the layout of the permanent prime farmland based on the agricultural development;Third,Forecasting and determining the demand of urban scale and the prediction model of urban expansion.Finally,with the expansion of the city as the basis,to establish the function relationship between supply and demand of permanent prime farmland demand and land ecosystem service,at the same time,taking the red ecological protection space for instructions,in order to build a method system of "three lines “coordinated demarcation by UFE-CA.(3)This paper constructing a prediction model of urban expansion named UFE-CA,which is based on the constraint of permanent prime farmland supply and demand,land ecosystem services supply and demand and the demand scale of urban development.What's more,the ecological protection red line plays a role of spatial constraint in this model.On the basis of the traditional constraint CA model and others research results of the relevant scholars,improving CA model combined with the needs of this study: Firstly,Replacing the results of the ecological protection red line with original government constraints to reflect the expansion of urban land ecosystem protection as a precondition.Secondly,urban expansion is no longer set a fixed value,while constrict with a variety of functions,that is to say,under the goal of taking into account the food security,land ecosystem service function threshold and urban development needs,constructing the termination condition of the model.Thirdly,Instead of setting the threshold,the maximum conversion probability method is used to simulate the urban expansion.This design can solve the city expansion process from various factors which lead to the problem of uncertainty,such as the effect of urban expansion on food security and the influence of land ecological service function,which reflect a kind of limit thinking of urban expansion.This model not only reflects the essence of permanent prime farmland to ensure food security,but also can realize the coordinated development of social economy and the demand of land ecosystem service function,so as to coordinate the conflicts between the development of city boundary,permanent prime farmland protection red line and the ecological protection of the red line.(4)An empirical study on the coordination of "three lines" in Xiangyang,Hubei.According to the actual situation in Xiangyang and overall planning requirements of Comprehensive Development Project in Hubei province,Hanjiang River Basin(2011-2020),taking Hanjiang River and its main tributaries under the scope of ecological protection,demarcating the ecological protection red line for biodiversity,soil erosion sensitivity and the importance of soil and the importance of water conservation function,with a total area of 674868.57 hm2.At the same time,the function of gas regulation in land ecosystem services acts as a link between social economic development and land ecosystem service function.Then,calculating the key value on the function of the "three line" demarcated coordination in Xiangyang city.By 2020,the demand for permanent basic farmland and city scale demand are 450104.46hm2 and 38238hm2 respectively,and the maximum carbon emissions of the social and economic development will reach 3587537.63 t.In 2014,the total amount of carbon sequestration of land ecosystem in Xiangyang was 3840506.63 t,and the scale of the layout of permanent basic farmland was 591828.22hm2.Through the simulation results by use of UFE-CA model,we can see that the size of Xiangyang city in 2020 will reach 38238.07hm2,of which the new urban construction land mainly comes from the arable land,while the largest urban expansion area in Fancheng.With the simulation results,demarcating the city boundary and the development of permanent prime farmland protection red line,both of the area are 38238.07hm2 and 589151.14hm2,putting forward corresponding management and measures according to the target of "three line" demarcation.The main innovations of thesis are as follows:(1)The innovation of this thesis is constructing a prediction model of urban expansion named UFE-CA,which is based on the constraint of permanent prime farmland supply and demand,carbon budget balance and the demand scale of urban development,and the ecological protection red line plays a role of spatial constraint in this model.What's more,it has been implemented in ArcGIS,providing a new method and new ideas for regional coordination of social development,protection of permanent basic farmland and land ecological system.(2)This research is based on the theory of landscape ecology,combining with the design concept and the elements of "green infrastructure",put forward demarcation method for ecological protection red line based on "source",buffer and corridor,in order to transfer regional biodiversity protection from dot type protection to network protection,improve the ability of ecological protection of the red line to support the local species and keep the natural ecological processes.