| China is the largest tea producing country in the world,tea industry as the traditional characteristics of China's agricultural industry and tea industry pillar industries for farmers to get rid of poverty,the development of regional economy,the promotion of Chinese tea culture plays an important role.China is also a major exporter of tea trading,joined the WTO to boost exports of tea onto the fast lane,especially in 2006,China canceled export quotas and license management of tea trading,more and more tea enterprises to invest in the ranks of independent exports.China's tea exports for the first time exceeded 300,000 tons mark in 2009.According to the statistics of FAO,China's tea export volume is 325,800 tons in 2013,export value is USD 1.246 billion,export volume account for 16.2% of total global tea export trade volume,and export amount account for 17.3% of export trade volume respectively.China's tea enterprise to expand the potential of the international market is huge.In the WTO trade liberalization framework,tariffs,quotas,permits and other traditional trade barriers gradually weakened,but trade protectionism has not gone,and in a more subtle form to play a new impact.The European Union,the United States and Japan and other major Of the tea importing countries have developed and implemented a very strict tea technical regulations,technical standards,market access procedures,packaging and labeling requirements and other technical barriers,the resulting cost of testing expenses,export trade friction and other issues,to small and medium enterprises China's tea export-oriented enterprises and their industrial chain caused huge economic losses.For example,the largest province of China's export of tea--Zhejiang Province,the European Union,Japan and the United States and other developed countries and regions is the traditional important tea market for Zhejiang's export enterprises,but with these countries and regions continue to tighten technical barriers,Zhejiang tea export enterprises to avoid trade risks or because the product is difficult to meet the technical requirements of developed countries have to tap the African market,so the market in developed countries is difficult to have a clear overall advance,resulting in the past decade,Zhejiang tea enterprises in exports Total volume growth was nearing stagnation.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the impact of technical barriers on export tea enterprises in the context of B&R,which is of great significance for the transformation and upgrading of export tea enterprises,the expansion of high-end export markets and the healthy development of tea industry.This paper attempts to conduct technical barriers to China's tea export scale,export prices,export efficiency and export structure of the study,and put forward the research question,on the basis of the technical barriers and its impact on the enterprise,tea industry and tea enterprise competitiveness research progress,put forward research ideas,main content and technical route,and elaborate research methods,induction possible innovation and research limitations.The paper is divided into eight chapters.The first chapter explains and defines the important concepts and combs the economic theories such as theory of comparative advantage,trade protection theory,scale economy theory and industrial organization theory.The second chapter summarizes the present situation of tea export in China,introduces the support policy of tea export,and discusses the main problems of exporting tea enterprises,and the status quo and problems of tea enterprises in Zhejiang.The third chapter examines the impact of technical barriers on the export scale of tea enterprises.Firstly,the effect of technical barriers on the export scale of tea enterprises was discussed.Secondly,the panel data of 32 tea export enterprises in Zhejiang Province were used to estimate the technical barriers for the extent of the impact of the export scale.The fourth chapter analyzes the influence mechanism of technical barriers on the export product structure and market structure of tea enterprises,and classifies and classifies the export tea quality structure and export market of 32 tea enterprises in Zhejiang Province,distinguishes technical barriers on the export product structure and market of tea enterprises Structure of the impact of the situation.The fifth chapter analyzes the impact of technical barriers on the export price of tea.Firstly,the mechanism of the effect is analyzed.Secondly,the impact of technical barriers on the export price of tea is measured by panel data.The sixth chapter reveals the impact of technical barriers on export efficiency of tea enterprises,and the influence of technical barriers on the export benefit of tea enterprises was estimated by generalized least squares regression using panel data.The seventh chapter collects and arranges the case of Lipton tea brand of Unilever Group and Zhejiang Caiyunjian Tea Industry Co.,Ltd,and the two tea enterprises which encounter technical barriers,and summarizes the experiences and revelations for other enterprises.The eighth chapter summarizes the full-text research and puts forward policy recommendations.Based on the research results,this paper analyzes the macroscopic trade statistics of tea and the microscopic survey data of tea enterprises.The possible innovation points are as follows:First,in the research object,this is the first time to carry out technical barriers to the impact of tea enterprises systematic study.In the past,studies on the impact of technical barriers on international trade were mostly focused on the impact on the country,industry and products.There were few direct studies on the impact of technical barriers on enterprises,and technical barriers to specific industries in the specific business of the research even more few.Based on the theory of industrial organization and the microscopic view of the enterprise,this paper studies the direct economic interests of the trade as the object of the technical barriers,and focuses on the tea industry,focusing on the impact of technical barriers on the export of tea enterprises..Second,in the research methods,technical barriers to increase the export enterprises of production and operation costs(compliance costs and additional costs),because the export of tea raw materials can be purchased from the record base and raw materials of tea-based special,compliance cost is the common cost of export tea business.Technical barriers to product or business empirical analysis most of the past to take the technical barriers as a virtual variable or the number of technical measures related to trade targets as a measure,but if not specific to the trade between the two countries,this empirical method has drawbacks.In this paper,the export cost of tea enterprises is used as an index to measure the technical barriers.The regression analysis is carried out by FGLS,and the impact of technical barriers on export scale,export price and export benefit of tea enterprises is analyzed.Third,the panel data of ten core indicators of 32 tea enterprises in Zhejiang province were collected for the first time by questionnaire,expert discussion and face-to-face interviews.The micro-empirical analysis was carried out for the first time,and the technical barriers to the export of tea produced by the specific impact.Fourth,the author compares the tea brand of the multinational corporation with the technical barriers encountered by the small and medium-sized tea enterprises,and sums up the influence of technical barriers on tea enterprises of different development levels and the core elements of the technical barriers in the development process.Through the writing of cases and carry out empirical analysis to further clarify the technical barriers to tea enterprises in the future development of the far-reaching impact.Of course,due to the availability of research data,theoretical knowledge reserves and other subjective and objective factors,the study of this paper,there are still some limitations and shortcomings:First,the theoretical research is not enough depth.The research focus on the impact of technical barriers on export tea enterprises,but did not form a complete theoretical system,the export market analysis of tea business is still relatively lacking.Second,the collection of research data is not enough and comprehensive,because this paper focuses on the export of tea enterprises to collect and study micro-data,and limited to the export of tea enterprises in Zhejiang Province,the number of tea exports by enterprises and business life Short cycle of dual factors,the amount of panel data collected is still relatively small,the data available indicators are not yet rich.Third,the empirical analysis is still relatively single,focusing only on the technical barriers to the long-term impact of tea enterprises,but lacking of analysis of its short-term impact. |
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