Research On The Green Development Path Of Coal Resource-based Cities

General secretary Xi stressed again in 19th CPC National Congress that the green development should be promoted and green development has become the leading direction of China' s current and future development.Under the current environment of advocating green development,the development of coal resource-based cities is an important link that needs to be paid attention to.Coal resource-based cities have played an indelible role in the economic development of China for several decades.However,with the continuous exploitation of coal resources,severe problems have been exposed,such as serious damage to the ecological environment,unreasonable economic structure,weak economic growth etc.,thus making many coal resources-based cities facing severe development problems.It is a practical research on how to break through the resource dependence and restriction and seek an effective development path under the condition of giving full play to the advantages of our own actual situation.Based on the thorough discussion of relevant researches at home and abroad,this paper mainly studies the following aspects:(1)Firstly,the definition and type of coal-based cities are defined.It is suggested that three conditions should be met in coal-resource-based cities:one is the formation of coals,and the other is the need to reach a certain proportion of production scale and economic impact.Structure of the coal industry dominates.Then,the present situation and existing problems of coal-based cities are described and analyzed.It is found that the coal-resource-based cities of our country are experiencing serious problems such as deteriorating ecological environment and weak economic growth.The main causes of weak economic growth include unreasonable industrial structure(the proportion of the secondary industry is too large);the use of foreign investment is not good(the pulling effect of investment on the economy is not obvious);the capability of science and technology innovation needs to be improved;the promotion effect of science and technology on economic growth fails to be effectively exerted.These problems have seriously hindered the development of coal resource-based cities.(2)The two cores of green development are " environmental protection" and"resource conservation and efficiency utilization",which is consistent with the idea of "ecological efficiency" considering the relationship between "environmental input and resource input and economic output".Therefore,this paper constructs an evaluation index system to estimate the eco-efficiency of 27 major coal resource-based cities in China from 2004 to 2015.Based on the calculated results,the analysis and comparison are carried out from the national level,the provincial level,the municipal level and the urban type level.In order to further explore the causes of eco-efficiency,this paper decomposes the Malmquist index of eco-efficiency and further measures the environmental efficiency and resource efficiency.The results show that the eco-efficiency,environmental efficiency and resource efficiency of major coal resource-based cities in China are on the rise,and the main driving force of the increase of eco-efficiency comes from technological progress.There is no definite relationship between environmental efficiency and resource efficiency,but they affect eco-efficiency together.(3)The empirical analysis of the factors affecting the eco-efficiency of coal resource-based cities is carried out.First of all,the relationship between each influencing factor and ecological efficiency is graphically fitted,and the results show that the factors such as resource recovery rate,production technology level,industrial structure,utilization of foreign capital,R&D intensity and other influencing factors have a linear relationship with ecological efficiency.The non-linear relationship between coal production and ecological efficiency is similar to the U-type relationship.Based on this,a regression model is established and a quadratic term of coal production is introduced into the model.The results show that the main influencing factors of eco-efficiency are production technology level,industrial structure,foreign capital utilization level,research and development intensity and coal output.The level of production technology,industrial structure,level of utilization of foreign capital and coal production have a significant impact on environmental efficiency.Resource recovery rate,research and development intensity,production technology level have a significant impact on resource efficiency.This conclusion is the design basis for development path.According to the empirical results,there is a U-type relationship between coal production and eco-efficiency(named CP-EE curve),and this is consistent with the results of the graphic fitting.The CP-EE curve is the innovation of this paper from the academic point of view,and the concept of "critical output"derived from this is of great significance to the research on the output strategy of coal-based cities.In this paper,the critical output is calculated,and the output strategy matrix is given in combination with the type of cities.According to the actual output of coal in the major coal-based cities,the optimal output strategies are analyzed.The green development paths of different output strategies cities are focused different.The production strategy matrix is also the innovation of this article.(4)Based on the factors affecting the eco-efficiency of coal resource-based cities,this paper designs and proposes several ways to promote the green development of coal resource-based cities.They are:“sci-tech driven development path" which "relies on scientific and technological research and development to achieve development and growth;“circular economic development path" which advocates and promotes circular economy to promote the realization of green development;“Foreign-led development path" through vigorously attracting investment to gain dynamic economic engine;and "based on yield strategy development path" which differentiates "yield increase" and "output reduction"-"yield increase" strategy cities mainly drive urban development through green manufacturing,"output reduction" strategic cities mainly achieve urban development depending on the industrial transformation.These development paths provide a valuable reference for coal resource-based cities in our country how to break through the bottleneck and achieve benign development under the background of green development.