Study On Land Development Intensity And Reasonable Fare Along The Subway Based On Traffic Utility

At present,the economic development of our country has entered a new normal period.The economy has the phased features of economic growth shifting period,structural adjustment painstaking period and stimulating policy digestion period.As an investment product of large-scale infrastructure,urban subway construction also faces the transformation of development and the reconstruction of its internal resources.On the one hand,it needs to pursue the sustainable growth of subway revenue;on the other hand,it is also necessary to promote the integration of subway with other resources through the optimization of traffic efficiency so as to enhance the overall service level of the subway and play an important role in the process of urbanization.There are many problems such as the incoordinated between the development of subway lines and the spatial structure of cities,the incompatibility between land development around subway and planning and construction of subway lines and networks and the mismatch with the function positioning of subway stations currently.In the meantime,the insufficient of traffic connection capacity between subway stations and the inadequate of transport facilities also greatly limits the traffic function of the subway as a large capacity traffic facility.In view of this,this paper analyzed the intensity of land development along the subway and its reasonable fare based on the improvement of subway,which will solve the coordinated development between subway construction and land along the line and enhance the business benefits of the MTRC and endogenous motivation,forming a virtuous cycle of business income-subway service-the flow of people attracted.In the aspects of development and utilization of land along the subway line,this paper uses spatial syntax to analysis the link between subway line development and urban spatial structure,establishing the spatial distribution model of functional area to seek the matching relationship between land types along the subway.The evaluation method of land suitability is applied for potential plots selected and the v-SVR method is used to regress the land price to establish the price function model of the land along the subway line.The development intensity of the potential land plots is established based on the value-added benefit.According to the distribution of potential land plots and the relationship between the degree of mixing of land of different types and subway passenger flow to determine the location and function of the subway station comprehensively and distinguish the influence range of various subway stations by different connection ways of the subway so as to find out the intensity ceiling of land development around subway stations.The evaluation system of the land use coordination among multiple projects around the subway station is constructted and gives the optimization and adjustment mothod of the multi-project land use.To sum up,the problems of the upper and lower intensity of land development are solved respectively from four different scales: urban space,subway along,subway station and multi-project.In the reasonable fare of the subway,on the basis of taking full account of the utility of the passenger's travel mode,this paper accurately analyzes the competition and coordination relationship between the subway and the bus in various service characteristics,and analysis method of fares scheme in different life cycles is obtained by takes the maximum return of the subway company as the target.From the perspective of compensation for investment and financing of government's,the quantitative evaluation of PPP investment model's risk based on the Kent method and the shapely algorithm for the entire life cycle of the subway is conducted.In addition,the internal linkages between the subway and the land along the line and the connection design between the subway and the external transport facilities are analyzed from the connection design between the subway and the commercial land to the functional connection mode between the subway and the underground space.The research on how to improve the transportation efficiency of the subway by the methods of adding the micro-circulation bus lines,designing the subway subway entrances and exits and walking trails.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Using spatial syntax to determine whether the relationship between subway route planning and urban spatial development is reasonable.And based on the division of functional areas of undeveloped land along the subway,establish a linear optimization model and obtain the optimal land allocation plan under the goal of maximizing the economic benefits and social benefits and the constraint of population carrying capacity,traffic carrying capacity and economic carrying capacity with land.(2)Use the spatial overlay analysis function in ArcGIS software to calculate the grid data of comprehensive potential of each parcel to identify potential plots,and conduct regression analysis on the housing price around the subway to find the contribution of traffic distance to the price per square meter Degree.A model of value added function of land price is set up,and the development intensity of potential land block is pushed back.(3)According to the important anchorage points of subway network and the average inter-station distance,the location of metro stations is initially determined.The types of stations are defined with reference to the potential size of the subway plots around the subway station,and the prediction of passenger flow distribution is made based on the index of land mixing.The adjustment of function and location of stations basis on them.(4)Considering the clustering effect of bus connection capacity of subway stations and the effectiveness of travel choices with subway and bus,the influence range of different types of subway stations is determined comprehensively.With different service capabilities of different type stations as constraints,the upper limit of the development intensity within the core area of different subway stations is calculated.(5)Establishing the relationship between the fare rate and the travel distance of subway,using the marginal cost pricing model,the competition model between public transport and subway,and the flexible model of fare for passengers in the initial stage of subway operation,initial formation of network period and competitive advantage period to solve the average fare,balanced fares and flexible fares.On the premise of guaranteeing the basic income of the operation of the subway company,the fare scheme has been adjusted by the change of the rate of the rate of slope.The research results show that different combinations of functions and area distribution of land along the subway different affects the traffic utility level.Subway as an important element of traffic development can greatly enhance the benefits of land.Further,the exploitation and utilization of land along the subway cannot do without traffic utility support,and good play of traffic utility of subway also cannot do without the optimal allocation of land.The development intensity of the land along the subway should be constrained by the maximum capacity of the transportation facilities.As for the determination of the scale and location of the subway station and the intensity of the development also should take full account of the surrounding land planning.The formulation of reasonable fare scheme of subway and the risk assessment of subway investment are all in ensuring the social benefits of the subway while ensuring the sustainable development of the subway company.