| In 2008,the outbreak of the international financial crisis caused a tremendous negative impact on world economy,which made the international economic situation worse.Both developed and developing countries have witnessed a marked decline in economic growth,and some countries have even suffered negative growth.With the continuous development of economic globalization,China's economy and the world economy are closely linked.It is difficult for China to escape from the crisis.China's statistical yearbook data show that the growth rate of export trade slowed down sharply in 2008-2014 years,and the average annual growth rate is far below the 2002-2007 year growth level.While the export trade is growing at a low level,we are pleasantly surprised to find that China's cross-border e-commerce is booming and the transaction scale is expanding rapidly.Chinese Electronic Commerce Research Center data show that in 2008 China cross-border e-commerce transaction size is about 800 billion Yuan,accounting for 4.4% of the total foreign trade;transaction size in 2014 has risen to 4.2 trillion Yuan,the total volume of foreign trade in the proportion increased to 15.9%;6 years of trade scale average annual growth rate reached 31.8%,far higher than the export growth rate.The rapid rise in the scale of cross-border e-commerce transactions attracted the attention of the party and the state.Since Premier Li Keqiang put forward the "Internet plus" action plan in the government work report,the State Council has issued "on the development of e-commerce to accelerate the cultivation of new economic power views","on accelerating the development of the new competitive advantages of foreign trade opinions","on promoting the healthy and rapid development of cross-border e-commerce guidance" and other documents,which all emphasize the Internet and international trade union,encourage and support the development of cross-border e-commerce.At present,cross-border e-commerce in China has formed a considerable industrial clusters and scale of development.The development of cross-border e-commerce,is conducive to the export growth in the scale,to achieve better into the excellent,play the advantage of China's manufacturing industry,promote the development and upgrading of foreign trade enterprises;is conducive to increasing employment,promote public entrepreneurship,innovation,increase employment,improve residents' income,promote the adjustment of economic structure,to create economic and social the development of new energy;is conducive to China's "The Belt and Road","international cooperation capacity and assembly manufacturing" national strategy to promote a new round of high-level opening.Under this background,this paper selects cross-border e-commerce as the research topic.At the enterprise level,the paper explores the influence of cross-border e-commerce on China's export trade,provides deep thinking and powerful data support for the research of cross-border e-commerce export trade effect,provide a solid and reliable results for the empirical research to better promote the "Internet plus international trade" strategy.The main questions of this research include:(1)effects of cross-border e-commerce on export scale;(2)effects of cross-border e-commerce on export market selection;(3)effects of cross-border e-commerce on export products;(4)how to make use of cross-border e-commerce to improve China's export level.This paper is divided into seven chapters,the specific content of each chapter are as follows:The first chapter is the introduction part,which introduces the research background,purpose,significance,main contents,research methods,framework and innovation.The second chapter is literature review,and summarizes and sorts out three kinds of literatures closely related to this article.The first kind of literature is the study of the development of cross-border e-commerce in china.This article reviewed the reasons for the emergence of cross-border e-commerce in China,the mode of operation,and the similarities and differences between traditional e-commerce and the traditional trade.The second kinds of literature are the study of the impact of the Internet on trade.According to the different levels of the research,the paper divides this kind of literatures into the research of the national level and the research of the enterprise level,and summarizes them respectively.The third category is the heterogeneous enterprise trade theory and its related literature.Based on an in-depth analysis of the heterogeneous business model(Melitz,2003),the paper focuses on the literatures which are related to our research,including the introduction of trade intermediary development,the introduction of the expansion of national differences hypothesis,the introduction of product differentiation hypothesis expansion.The third chapter is the description and analysis of the characteristics of cross-border e-commerce development in china.In the first step,the article divides the development process of cross-border e-commerce in China into the embryonic period,the development period and the outbreak period,and analyzes the ways of foreign trade enterprises to use e-commerce,the function and operation model of cross-border e-commerce platform,the representative platform enterprises and so on.The second step,the paper collected the main document involved in cross-border e-commerce issued by Chinese government since 2012,and introduces each document release time,department and the main content,so as to reveal the process of policy evolution of cross-border e-commerce in china.In the third step,the paper makes a descriptive analysis of the scale and structure of cross-border e-commerce transactions in china.The fourth step,the paper summarizes the main problems faced in cross-border e-commerce development,and forecasts the future development trend.From fourth chapter to sixth chapter is the empirical chapter of this paper.It empirically examines the effect of cross-border e-commerce on export from several dimensions.Because cross border e-commerce refers to the enterprise with the help of e-commerce means to carry out international trade and becoming e-commerce platform paying members is a simple way of using e-commerce technology.So this paper studies the effect of Cross border E-business on export is through investigating the effect of using E-business on trade.The data used in the empirical estimates includes China industrial enterprise data,China Customs data and Alibaba China Station paid member data.The most important data,Alibaba China Station paid membership data,is got from Alibaba China Station enterprise Yellow Pages website by web crawl.The empirical estimation method used in this paper is matching and difference-difference estimation(PSM-DID).This is mainly due to the fact that high productivity firms and SMEs are more likely to become Alibaba paying members,so we should control selective bias in estimate.In the fourth chapter,this paper examines the impact of cross-border e-commerce on firms' export propensity and export scale.Based on the full analysis of the possible paths and mechanisms,the econometric model was established to investigate the impact of the use of e-commerce on the export propensity and export scale of firms.In the fifth chapter,the paper examines the impact of cross-border e-commerce on the structure and characteristics of the export market.This chapter attempts to answer two questions.(1)The impact of cross-border e-commerce on the export market structure of enterprises.(2)The impact of cross border e-commerce on enterprise export market characteristics.In the sixth chapter,the paper examines the impact of cross-border e-commerce on export products in many ways.Firstly,construct the enterprise exports product three level marginal indicators,technical complexity indicators and the quality indicators.Then,establish the econometric model to investigate the effect of cross-border e-commerce on these product indicators.Taking into account the large difference between general trade and processing trade exports,the paper respectively estimates the impact on the indicators of general trade and processing trade.The seventh chapter is the last chapter.It summarizes the full text,gives the further research direction,and puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions according to the current domestic and international economic situation.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:First,China's cross-border e-commerce is in a period of rapid development.Cross border retail import is developing rapidly,and large factories frequently display and sell products on the line.The main features of China's cross-border e-commerce development in the future may include four aspects.First,the cross-border e-commerce platform will be transformed from an information service platform to an integrated service platform.Two,the export market and the types of export commodities will become increasingly diversified.Three,the role of brand highlights,the importance of enterprise soft power increased.Four,the international regulation of cross-border e-commerce will be gradually improved and improved.Second,cross-border e-commerce significantly promoted the export propensity and export of enterprises,and this effect showed a trend of increasing with time.From the estimation results of sub samples,cross-border e-commerce has a significant positive impact on export tendencies of various enterprises,but the impact on export scale of different types of export enterprises is quite different.Specifically,the use of e-commerce has a significant positive impact on the export scale of small and medium-sized export enterprises,private and foreign export enterprises,and low technology industries enterprises.Third,from the perspective of enterprise's export market,the positive promotion of cross-border e-commerce to export enterprises' export scale is mainly from the national level extensive margin improvement.Further analysis of the characteristics of the export market shows that the use of e-commerce will make the export enterprises more exports to developed countries,and exports to countries far away from china.Fourth,from the perspective of export products,the positive promotion of cross-border e-commerce to export enterprises' export scale is only from the increase of the types of export products.The estimate shows that the use of e-commerce only significantly contributes to the marginal of species and has no significant impact on the price and quantity marginal.Further research on the characteristics of export products shows that the use of e-commerce will not affect the technical complexity of export products,but it play a significant role in promoting the quality of general export products.The main innovations of this paper are as follows:First,reviews the China cross-border e-commerce policy evolution process.This paper collects the policy documents related to cross-border e-commerce issued by government departments in China since 2012.According to the release time,release department,document name and main content,organize the document.According to the main characteristics of the policies issued in each period,the article divides the evolution course of China's cross-border e-commerce policy into policy starting stage,policy development period and policy refinement period.Second,using the web crawlers to obtain electronic business platform data,and apply it to economic research.The data has been a major obstacle to quantitative study of cross-border E-commerce.Facing this difficulty,this paper through the web crawler technology to obtain the paid membership directory data of the Chinese most representative B2 B e-commerce platform,Alibaba Chinese station,and merge it with industrial enterprises data and China customs data.So that we can quantitatively investigate the export trade effects of cross-border E-commerce.It is a great innovation and attempt to obtain large amounts of information on the Internet and apply it to economic research and analysis.Third,the article quantitatively examines the impact of cross-border e-commerce on enterprise export trade.Most of the current literatures on cross-border e-commerce focus on the actual regulatory problems caused by the rise of cross-border retail business of e-commerce platform.These studies are mainly based on logical analysis and exposition,and lack of quantitative research combined with data.Based on several micro level enterprise databases,this paper empirically examines the impact of cross-border e-commerce on enterprise export trade.It partly fills the gaps in existing studies.Fourth,the paper studies the impact of cross-border e-commerce on the choice of export market and export products.The past research on the Internet and trade investigated using the Internet(web or e-mail)effect on the propensity to export and export scale,is lack of further investigation the influence of Internet on the export market and export products.This article has promoted the Internet and trade research from two aspects.The first is the use of the new Internet Index,whether the enterprise is an e-commerce platform paid members.Two is to expand the connotation of trade impact research. |
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