| Rivers and lakes are one of the.main places to absorb pollution.With the rapid development of economy and society,the discharge of industrial wastewater,urban sewage,pesticides and fertilizers,etc.has caused serious pollution to the rivers.Faced with the prominent water environment problems in rivers,the state has set a red line for limiting river pollution in the strictest water resources management system,requiring the strictest control over water pollution.The and calculation of river pollution carrying capacity has become the key.On the basis of the national water function zoning technical documents approved by the state council,the management and control of river pollution is an important direction of river chief system and strong supervision.A series of studies,such as the verification of pollution carrying capacity,the potential analysis of pollution carrying,the assessment of the total amount of pollutants control into the river and the assessment of the water functional areas,are all hot spots.For the most stringent water management system and the implementation of the river leader system requirements,facing the pressing needs of the strong supervision and promotion the business,this article focused on the dynamic analysis and calculation of pollutant carrying capacity and process control of water quality goal,from the river reach pollutant carrying capacity calculation to the potential analysis of pollution carrying,from the simulation of pollution translation along the river to the total amount waste load allocation,from the assment of water quality of water functional areas to online assessment,based on the process of problem oriented dynamic research.Combined qualitative and quantitative analysis in the management process,so that the institution has operability.In the time-space distribution,the assessment can adapt to the dynamic changes.In terms of technical means,let management and control business merge into management process from theory to practice.Focusing on the business of assessment and pollution control of river reach water functional areas,the following main works had been carried out:(1)On the basis of analysis problems existing in traditional calculation models and methods and application for pollutant carrying capacity,a comprehensive calculation model for pollutant carrying capacity considering tributaries and water intakes was established focusing on various influencing factors and uncertainties to reduce calculation errors.The calculation strategy of multi-scenario combination of pollution carrying capacity was put forward,and the calculation conditions of different frequency arrangement methods,different calculation methods,etc.were combined by several scenarios.An interval expression mode of pollutant carrying capacity was proposed.Based on multi-scenario combination,the results under multiple conditions were integrated into intervals,which gave more space for decision-making and facilitated decision-makers to analyze and decide better by combining their own experience.(2)The potential of pollutant carrying of the river section has been explored,for dynamic changes of natural conditions,time-space distribution process and improvement and influence of artificial remediation measures on pollutant carrying capacity.The quantification of pollutant carrying potential was supported from simplification of hydrodynamic and water quality model to numerical simulation of pollutants along the river.Combining multi-scale rolling forecasting of river flow with pollution load simulation,the pollution carrying capacity under runoff dynamic changes has the potential to be adapted and improved.And at present,many man-made engineering measures could also effectively improve the pollution carrying capacity.The dynamic analysis of pollutant carrying potential of river reach was realized by combining qualitative and quantitative analysis with dynamic simulation prediction of pollutant load.(3)Focusing on the dynamic allocation of pollution load in river section,considering fairness and efficiency,enriching the requirements of control objectives,the bi-level multi-objective optimization model of waste load allocation was established.Load allocation at different management levels had different objectives and constraints,and should take into account the principles of fairness and efficiency at the same time.For various schemes,the nested feedback mechanism between the plan and the implementation scheme was studied,which provided a feedback mechanism for dynamic process management and control and enhanced the adaptability of management and assessment.(4)Based on the dynamic analysis and calculation of water pollution carrying capacity and potential in water functional areas,a process online evaluation and assessment mechanism was established to evaluate the water quality in water functional areas.Real time online dynamic assessment is the goal and core business of "strong supervision".According to the assessment index system and assessment methods,guided by problems,online and real-time assessment,combined with the pollution limiting red line of river reach,from problem discovery to solving tracking,the assessments were decomposed into the process of problem solving,so that the process control" can be implemented,the "strong supervision" can be implemented,and each link in the process of problem solving can be controlled.(5)The modern information technology was required to support the process management of water functional areas pollutant carrying,and innovation of pollution carrying capacity assessment under the new situation of strong supervision.The business of pollution carrying capacity calculation,the pollution carrying potential analysis,waste load allocation and dynamic assessment of water functional areas must be integrated into the management process.Based on the comprehensive integrated platform,with the help of components and knowledge map technology,a management and control system for the calculation of pollutant carrying capacity and process assessment of river reach water functional areas was established.With the support of the system,the application case of Shaanxi section of the Weihe river main stream is carried out.(6)The process control mode of calculation and assessment of pollutant carrying capacity of river section,which could rapidly adapt to dynamic changes was put forward.This mode was oriented to the whole process of river water quality management,aiming at the key link of assessment and control,which was problem-oriented to find problems in the control process,and propose solutions to solve the problems,assess the degree of solving the problems onlinely,adapting to various dynamic changes occurring in the process of management and control.By continuous feedback and adjustment,ensure that the water quality of the assessment river section could reach the standard,and the river reach pollutant carrying capacity is restored,and promote ecological restoration and healthy and sustainable development of the river section. |
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