Research On Post-evaluation Of Zhengzhou’s Urban Villages Reconstruction Based On The Perspective Of Villagers

Urban villages are especially spatial phenomena in China’s urbanization process.In recent years,while urban villages are rebuilt,profound changes have taken place in the living environment,identity characteristics,income sources and employment modes of the villagers resettled.However,from the perspective of the current urban villages reconstruction practice,the reconstruction process is more about the will of the government and enterprises,ignoring the rights and interests of villagers,which is unfair and injust,and it leads to the great resistance of the urban village reconstruction and continuous conflicts.With the comprehensive development of urban village reconstruction projects,it becomes more and more urgent and important to evaluate the effects of urban villages.It provides the harmonious and effective implementation of the subsequent reconstruction work and the experience support for the formulation of policies.This paper takes the interest care of urban villages as the entry point,combining with 24 typical the examples of the reconstruction of Zhengzhou villages in different periods,and using the analytic hierarchy process and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to analyze and post-evaluate the reconstruction effects of the villages at different stages.The paper analyzes the problems existing in the reconstruction of Zhengzhou villages and reveals the deep-seated reasons,thus exploring the effective strategies and institutional guarantee.The main results are as follows:Firstly,through systematic analysis of policies related to urban development and urban villages reconstruction in Zhengzhou,there are four different development stages divided in the process of urban villages reconstruction in Zhengzhou.They are the initial exploration stage of market operation,the stage in which the three parties participate in the rapid advancement stage,the planned adjustment stage and the comprehensive implementation stage of shantytown reconstruction.The main feature of the first stage is to take the form of joint reconstruction between the villages collective and the investors or independent reconstruction of the investors,and the aim is to attract enterprises to invest and develop through market operation.In the second stage,the government is responsible for decision-making guidance.The developer is responsible for resettlement compensation for villagers and construction of resettlement areas and development zones.The village collective is responsible for communication and coordination.The three parties jointly participate in the rapid implementation of reconstruction.In the third stage,the main feature is that the municipal government takes back the power of planning formulation,and the reform highlights the leading role of planning.The main feature of the fourth stage is the transformation of urban villages into the reconstruction scope of large shantytowns in Zhengzhou,in which the government plays a leading and whole-process supervision role.Secondly,the urban village post-evaluation system are constructed based on resettlement areas after the villagers’ perspective,which is divided into material space effects,social effects,economic effects and environment effects,using the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight of each dimension indexes.Then combining the actual situation of Zhengzhou urban villages reconstruction,it works out different grade division standard,and evaluates the effects on the different stages of Zhengzhou urban villages reconstruction using the evaluation system.From the overall situation of the four stages,the post-evaluation result of the economic effects and environmental effects of the reconstruction of villages in Zhengzhou city is better,the post-evaluation result of the material space effects is second,and the post-evaluation result of social effect is relatively poor.Thirdly,based on the perspective of villagers in the resettlement areas,the main problems affecting the reconstruction effects at different stages are revealed.In the initial exploration stage of market operation,there are mainly problems of single industrial form,high proportion of commercial and office property,lack of public welfare housing,original village culture and custom function housing,ineffective implementation of social management system reform,and single economic income of villagers.In the stage of rapid progress,there are mainly problems of inadequate public services and supporting facilities in the resettlement areas,common housing quality problems,incomplete urbanization transformation of villagers,and lagging reform of the village collective economic property rights system.In the adjustment stage led by planning,there are mainly problems of single architectural form,inflexible housetype proportion,poor landscape greening effect,low participation of villagers,and no reasonable planning of villagers’ compensation.In the stage of the comprehensive implementation of shantytown reconstruction,there are mainly problems of prominental social problems,the transitional resettlement policy,and the strength of social security for villagers and the rental income of villagers decreasing.This paper further summarizes the common problems affecting the reconstruction effects in different stages of the reconstruction of Zhengzhou city villages,including the general effect of the material space reconstruction in the resettlement area.With top-down reconstruction,the participation of villagers is low.The social management system reform lags behind.The follow-up development of the lost villagers is weak and lack of institutional guarantee.Fourthly,based on the above research and combined with the status quo of urban development,the scientific and effective urban villages reconstruction strategy and institutional guarantee based on the perspective of villagers in the settlement area are proposed.The reconstruction of urban villages should be guided by the multi-objective system.The specific measures include establishing the multi-competition mechanism for the reconstruction of urban villages,planning and building the material space environment to meet the needs of resettled residents,protecting and inheriting the regional culture of urban villages,improving the follow-up development potential of villagers,improving their quality and promoting public participation.The corresponding system includes the establishment of scientific and diversified compensation mechanism for land expropriation,the improvement of social security mechanism for land-lost villagers,the improvement of social system reform supporting mechanism,and the improvement of public participation mechanism.