Accounting Analysis Of China's Sectoral Water Footprint Based On Input-output Table

Water is not only the basic natural resources on which mankind depends,but also a strategic economic resources for social development.China is one of the 13 most water-short countries in the world.The issue of water resources has become an important factor constraining China's economic and social development.Water shortages,uneven spatial distribution of water resources,and water pollution are major problems facing China.Since the reform and opening up,the rapid economic development and continuous growth in population have led to an increase in the total amount of water consumed in China.Among them,the proportion of industrial water consumption and domestic water consumption in total water consumption has increased year by year.In order to achieve the sustainable use of water resources,it is necessary to understand in detail the consumption of water resources.The traditional way to measure regional water consumption is to consider the direct water consumption in the area,and to examine water use through agricultural water consumption,industrial water consumption,and domestic water consumption(construction and tertiary industry).However,it is incomplete that the water consumption of a country or region depends only on the local production and domestic water consumption.The introduction of the water footprint concept can more accurately quantify the impact of human production activities and consumption patterns on water resources.The calculating method of sectoral water footprint based on input-output analysis can simultaneously calculate the water footprint of multiple sectors and learn about the flow of water resources in different sectors.This thesis is mainly based on the theory of water footprint,and calculates the water footprint of sectoral production in 2002,2005,2007,2010 and 2012,the sectoral virtual water trade volume,and the consumption water footprint of urban and rural residents with the input-output methods,then analyzes the conditions and trends of water consumption in China on the scale of time and sector respectively.The thesis is divided into three major parts.The main contents of each part are as follows:The first part includes Chapters 1,2,and 3,which are the basis of this study.Thefirst chapter is the introduction part.It briefly introduces the research background,the significance of the research,the overall thinking of the research,the main contents of different parts in the thesis,the research methods used and the innovation of the thesis.Chapter 2,overview of domestic and foreign research.Based on the research needs of this thesis,it sorts out relevant research literatures at home and abroad and briefly review them.Chapter 3,related theory of water footprint research based on input-output analysis.First,the chapter defines the concepts related to the water footprint involved in this paper:water footprint of sectoral production,the sectoral consumption water footprint,and the sectoral virtual water trade volume.Second,it briefly introduces related theories and models of input-output analysis and input-output analysis of water resources;finally,the water footprint calculating model based on input-output analysis is introduced.The second part includes chapters 4,5,6,and 7.This part is the main body of the thesis.Chapter 4,compilation of water input and output Tables.Due to the large amount of data computation in this study,constructing a value-physical hybrid input-output table is the basis for this study.In this chapter,the process of compiling the input-output table of value-physical hybrid water resources is described in detail.The calculations in Chapters 5-7 are based on the five water input-output tables in Chapter 4.Chapter 5,calculating analysis of sectoral production water footprint in China.This chapter mainly uses the input and output table of water resources prepared in Chapter 4to construct a calculation model of water footprint of sectoral production.The water consumption coefficient,complete production water footprint and indirect production water footprint of the 15 sectors from 2002 to 2012 were calculated with the model constructed,and the trends and influencing factors of the water consumption coefficient and sectoral water footprint were analyzed.Chapter 6,analysis of sectoral virtual water trade in China.This chapter mainly based on virtual water trade theory and input-output table of water resources,constructed calculation model of sectoral virtual input-output volume,with which it calculated the volume of sectoral virtual water trade of China from 2002 to 2012,including virtual water imports,virtual water exports,and net virtual water exports,and analyzed the calculation results.Chapter 7,calculation analysis of urban and rural residents' sectoral water footprintin China.This chapter mainly checks the consumption water footprint of China's urban and rural residents from 2002 to 2012,and analyzes the development trend of urban and rural residents' consumption water footprint,and the consumption structure and rationality of residents' water footprint.The last part is Chapter 8.It summarizes the results of Chapters 5-7 and provides proposals for China's water resources management.The main conclusions of this thesis are as follows:1.From 2002 to 2012,the total sectoral production water footprint in China showed a trend of increasing with years,which is consistent with the increasing trend of China's water consumption year by year,and the trend of the total indirect production water footprint is in accord with that of the total production water footprint.2.China was a virtual water exporter from 2002 to 2010.In 2012,China became a virtual water importer,as the total amount of virtual water imports in the industry is greater than the total amount of virtual water exports in the industry.3.From 2002 to 2012,the total consumption water footprint of rural residents showed a downward trend,while the total consumption water footprint of urban residents showed an upward trend.From the perspective of per capita consumption,the consumption water footprint per capita of both urban and rural residents was downward in general.As to either the total consumption water footprint or consumption water footprint per capita,the water footprint consumption of urban residents is far greater than that of rural residents.