Research On Travel Equity Assessment And Travel Guidance Strategy In Underdeveloped Small Cities

In the process of urbanization and motorization,there is an increasing disparity between growing needs and slow economy in underdeveloped cities.As living standard improves,people tend to have increasing demands for diversified transportation.However in most underdeveloped cities,it seems unable to be fully satisfied,and this phenomenon,known as travel inequity,has received public attention.It has been a challenging problem for underdeveloped cities to meet the diversified travel needs of their residents with limited resources.Aiming at this problem,this dissertation conducts an analysis and research on the disparities between the travel needs and present transportation service in underdeveloped cities from the perspective of travel equity.First,this dissertation has assessed the present transportation from residents' subjective perception and actual transport status: 1)taking residents' travel perception as object,construct a travel deprivation model using both monetary and non-monetary indicators to further measure and analyze the residents' travel deprivation,such as their unnerving experiences in travel;2)taking public transport resources,especially the bus service,as object,construct a reasonable evaluation system from three levels: station distance,routes and line network,and evaluate the allocation of public transport resources.Then,based on these analyses and evaluation,this dissertation tries to propose some strategies to improve the public transportation and reduce residents' travel deprivation from the perspective of demand,and to increase mobility from the perspective of supply.On the whole,this dissertation tries to solve the transportation problem facing underdeveloped cities based on fair travel assessment and guidance,and do its bits for maintain local travel order.The main contents of this article is as follows:(1)Measurement of travel deprivation base on relative deprivation theoryConstruct a travel deprivation model to measure residents' perceived deprivation during their travel on the basis of relative deprivation theory,combining deprivation curve(i.e.Lorentz Curve),Integrated Fuzzy and Relative(IFR)measurement.The model includes monetary and non-monetary indicators,involving multiple measurement items,dimensions,and related weights.Then the travel deprivation model is used to measure the travel deprivation in the underdeveloped small cities.The results display that there are both differences and unity for the measurements used in different parts of the city.Among all the measurement dimension,four have caused strong travel deprivation,they are: disposableincome,travel service quality,travel time and available transportation.And there are differences in the travel deprivation in different parts of city,which shows a multi-dimensional travel deprivation int the same city.Then this dissertation performs an early warning analysis on the travel deprivation,and makes an assessment of different level of residents' travel deprivation in underdeveloped cities.(2)Assessment on the allocation of public transportation based on bus stop spacing modelTake bus service as assessment object.First,according to time and space accessibility in public transportation allocation,this dissertation analyzes the time spent for residents in traveling by bus and area coverage factor of bus station.Then,based on the correlation analysis of accessibility and station setting,it identifies the evaluation indicator for public transportation allocation in underdeveloped cities: station distance.And further it builds and tests out a bi-level programming model with minimum time cost and maximum area coverage factor as indicators to measure the reasonable bus stop spacing.And based on this model for reasonable station distance,it proposes a multi-level evaluation indicators involving: station,route,and network.Subsequently,combined with matter-element analyses,it makes an assessment of resource allocation in public transportation in the case city from station distance,routes and network.(3)Travel guide strategies from the perspective of residents' needs aiming at reducing deprivation senseBased on the measurement of travel deprivation sense and risk analysis of both monetary and non-monetary indicators,it analyzes the reasons why the travel deprivation sense is in early warning in small underdeveloped cities.The results show that the strong travel deprivation sense in underdeveloped cities is subject to the level of income and transportation supply,which leads to the situation that most residents are not fully satisfied with their travel needs.Thus,this dissertation tries to propose some strategies for improving transportation in underdeveloped cities from the perspective of residents' demand,and takes pilgrim crowd as object to test and verify these strategies.The verification indicates that these strategies can effectively guide pilgrim crowd's travel choices.Based on these results,and together with the sensitivity analysis from marginal benefit theory,it proposes some specific strategies and measurement aiming at improving public transportation,car transportation and non-motorized transportation,and further reducing residents' travel deprivation sense.(4)Travel guide strategies from the perspective of supply aiming at improving the mobilityWith the intention of improving mobility,combined the evaluation of resource allocation and potential attitude,this dissertation subdivides and studies the travel market in underdeveloped cities,and proposes measures to improve their public transportation supply.And it constructs a model to assess the causal relationship between potential attitude in choosing travel mode and travel willingness.Then using K-means to subdivide travel market and compare these sub-markets with potential inclination for bus,it analyzes the differences in potential attitude to chooses travel mode.And further,for different sub-market,it puts forward the guidance strategy of public transport travel to improve the travel mobility in underdeveloped cities.The research in this dissertation is a new attempt to prompt travel equity in underdeveloped cities with limited transportation resources,and tries to provide theoretical basis for improving and enriching their transportation planning and management.