Research On The Diversified Compensation Of Forest Ecological Benefits In HeiLongjiang Province

Heilongjiang province is rich in forest resources and natural forests,which is an ecological barrier in the northeast region and even the whole country,and plays an extremely important role in the construction of ecological civilization in China.At present,the recoverable resources and the biodiversity has declined significantly in some areas,and it's falling into the predicament of "treasure trap" and "resource curse" of forest resources.Although the state provides a large amount of compensation funds for forest ecological benefits,due to the single compensation subject,low compensation standards,insufficient compensation funds,etc.,it has been stuck at the "covered" and "capable of compensation"levels,leading the compensation efficiency of forest ecological benefits is lower.Establishing a diversified ecological compensation mechanism is considered to be an inevitable choice and effective way to solve the government compensation dilemma,and to guide stakeholders or social capital participating in the forest ecological payments.Therefore,based on the theoretical gap of forest ecological compensation and the actual needs of forest area compensation in Heilongjiang Province,this paper identifies the main body of diversified compensation based on the principle of "beneficiary payment",and constructs a research framework of forest ecological benefits diversified compensation.Exploring the efficiency of government compensation supervision,revealing the willingness of enterprises to participate in compensation and the willingness of residents to pay for compensation are the key issues that need to be resolved in order to achieve diversified compensation.This study has a theoretical and practical significance to study the forest ecological benefits diversified compensation in Heilongjiang Province from the perspective of government regulation and incentive driving.The specific research content includes the following four aspects:First of all,from the theoretically and empirically to identify the research on the diversified compensation of forest ecological benefits is scientific and reasonable.Explore the research hotspots and research fronts in the field of forest ecological compensation through the induction and sorting of related research results.Scientifically defining the connotation of forest ecological benefits,forest ecological compensation,and forest ecological benefit diversified compensation.And build a basic theoretical system from the aspects of ecological value theory,externality theory,public goods theory,etc.to analyze the scientific essence of diversified compensation for forest ecological benefits.Then this research summarize the status quo of forest resources,social and economic development,and compensation status in Heilongjiang Province.On this basis,the value of forest ecological benefits in Heilongjiang Province was evaluated and analyze the rationality of diversified compensation for forest ecological benefits.Secondly,the analysis of the diversified compensation of forest ecological benefits in Heilongjiang Province.From the aspects of Pigou tax,Coase theorem and collective action theory to determine the theoretical basis,which diversified subjects participating in forest ecological compensation.Using the Mitchel scoring method to identify the stakeholders of forest ecological benefits from a three-dimensional perspective of"influence-positivity-compactness".Then combine the "beneficiary payment" principle and the"rights,responsibilities and benefits" difference orientation principle to determine the compensation subject,including the government,beneficiary enterprises and urban residents.The theoretical framework of multi-subjects' cooperative participation in forest ecological benefit compensation is summarized,and the behavioral characteristics and influencing factors of multi-subjects before and after the introduction of government "regulation-incentive" are studied.In summary,there are two types of compensation methods for diversified compensation of forest ecological benefits,one is the government compensation method,and the other is the beneficiary enterprise and urban residents compensation method.The payments from beneficiary enterprises and urban residents will be realized,which requires government regulation and incentives.Thirdly,based on government compensation,beneficiary enterprise compensation,and urban residents compensation,this paper studies the forest ecological benefits of diversified compensation in Heilongjiang Province.In this part,this article follows the research paradigm of "normative analysis-theoretical framework-empirical test-derived conclusions".In the government compensation research,the paper takes the forest ecological benefits compensation conditionality as the research perspective,and analyzes the government supervision efficiency during the implementation of the compensation approach.The evolutionary game model combined with matlab simulation technology is used to analyze the "supervision-management"game relationship between the government and the forest farm during the compensation implementation process.The research shows that the government supervision is insufficient,and the compensation efficiency is low.To this end,an incentive mechanism design is proposed to integrate forest ecological compensation with government purchase services;In the study of compensation for beneficiary companies,the research starts from the perspective of government regulation and incentives,and builds a research framework for the willingness to participate in compensation for beneficiary companies based on theory of planned behavior.Use the Double Hurdle two-stage model to empirically test the important influencing factors to promote the participation of beneficiary companies in forest ecological compensation;In the study of compensation for urban residents,the paper starts from the perspective of government incentives,and uses the conditional value method and binary logistic model to explore the driving effect of social trust on residents' willingness to pay for ecological compensation;It is concluded that government regulation and incentives can be used to collaborate beneficiary companies and urban residents to participate in forest ecological benefit compensation at a certain degree.Finally,based on in-depth exploration of key issues such as the status quo of forest ecological benefit compensation,the value of forest ecological benefits,compensation mechanisms,government compensation,beneficiary enterprise compensation,and urban residents.At the same time,it fully refers to the results of empirical analysis,and proposes a countermeasure guarantee system for the implementation of diversified compensation from three aspects.The first,strengthen the ideology of multiple subjects participating in forest ecological benefit compensation;the second,strengthen supporting support for diversified compensation for forest ecological benefits;the third,innovate ways to implement diversified compensation for forest ecological benefits.This reaearch aims to broaden the financing channels for forest ecological benefit compensation in Heilongjiang Province from the perspective of diversified compensation subjects.With a view to multi-dimensional and deep-level deconstruction of the inherent hierarchical logic of diversified compensation subjects and their effective compensation approaches.At the same time,it provides practical and valuable reference for accelerating the design of government purchase service mechanism,guiding the integration of social capital,and realizing the environmental governance pattern of shared construction.