The Study On Police Procedure And Administration Of Nanjing (1945?1949)

This thesis draws on archival data from Nanjing's Metropolitan Police(NMP)to examine how this organization undertook its duties between October 1945 and April 1949.During 1945-1949,China,with rapid political changes and social unrest,was faced with complex domestic and international situations.Nanjing,as the capital of the Republic of China(1942-1949),was not only the political center of KuoMinTang(KMT),but also the center of various contradictions.To focus our academic perspective on Nanjing therefore helps to further understand KWT's success and failure in administration after the victory of Anti-Japanese War.As a means of political domain and social governance,metropolitan police is undoubtedly a good research perspective.The post-war Nanjing police organization system,ways of police operation and police personnel training and police function,which based on pre-war traditions and changed in accordance with home and abroad political circumstances had new development.During initial period of postwar,Nanjing municipal government,faced with social tangles and municipal paralysis,strengthened police construction with care to improve social security.A series of advanced police conceptions were allowed to be carried out under the guidance of Nationalist government,and therefore,the governance of police had been reasonably effective in the control of society.Meanwhile,police construction in Nanjing got a rapid development.On one hand,municipal authorities led by Metropolitan Police Agency enacted FOUR-YEAR PLAIN of CAPITAL POLICE CONSTRUCTION,remoulded puppet policemen and restored police organizations,promoting the perfection and specification of police mechanism.Among which,inner management involving the changes of police functions,adjustment of manpower resource,use of funds,education and security was an important aspect.In addition to maintained the safety and managed of urban public welfare,the main business included:managing the households;Prohibiting drugs;hygienic management;tidying the street and market;the traffic management;the fire control;price control;reducing expenses and;saving the poor.Marks showing the construction tend of the Nanjing police service functions of political and social service functions.However,since the National Government announced "Period of Mobilization and Suppression of Rebellion" in 1947,the police in Nanjing put its position as the state apparatus in political function from arranged the use of weapons,police district to set other technical aspects.Meanwhile,the social service functions were severely weakened.In fact,excessive police political efficacy demonstrated,not only failed to solve the problem of social stability,but also affected the urban security effect,the police must be responsible for inescapable "confusing affairs" concerned the social order fell into "dimension and instability".Meanwhile,the "reverse shift" of police functions,also highlights the ruling Kuomintang regime in the postwar crisis contingency encounter frustration and inability to move.On average,Nanjing policemen in postwar presented a dual vision of effective and ineffective.They conducted security administration in accordance with laws,played a positive role in providing social services and contributed to the reconstruction and development of the city,whose works benefited urban life a lot.And government,to some extent,was successful in city management,so did popular control.However,the functions of police were inevitably influenced by national policies and social environments.The worsening political and financial situations were huge barriers to the modernization of political construction in Nanjing,resulting in the growing phenomenon of omission and abuse.Eventually,there had been an erosion of public trust in the government and thus the government lost its authority and legitimacy.