A Study Of Taoist Temple Icons Along Yangtze River During Wei To Song Dynatsties

Taoist temple statues are made around the Taoist rituals other forms of art to match the overal.l.Taoist temples are the materialized form of Taoism culture.The system and orderliness of the development of Taoist temple makes the icons develop orderly and show the characteristic of the times.The deity statues are the center of the culture of temples.The construction of the temple is centered on the center of the deities,and the deities have the honor and the inferiority to ensure the prominent status of the main hall.After determining the main hall,the rest halls of the temple are built around the main hall of the center,with the terrain and flexible layout.The use of integrated artistic approach to strengthen the artistic effect of statues create a specific,intuitive religious image,and religious beliefs in the minds of people,thereby deepening the Taoist doctrine and doctrine of awareness,in guiding the religious behavior of outstanding contributions.This paper systematically analyzes the evolution of Taoist temples in the Yangtze River valley from the Wei-Jin to the Tang-Song Dynasties,focusing on the evolution of the Taoist temples and the Taoist monuments,the historical documents of the literati travels and the archaeological materials of the statues,and related records.This paper systematically describes the artistic features of the Taoist temples in the Yangtze River Valley,and discusses the unique contribution of Taoist temples icons to the development of Taoism in China.From the end of the Han Dynasty until the Wei-Jin Dynasties,the war continued,the noble scholar turned to health and monasticism.In the Three Kingdoms period,Sun Quan well developed Taoism,provided preferential treatment to Taoist priest,to promote the religious atmosphere of the times.Taoist theory and the emergence of a large number of Taoism showed that the Yangtze River Basin is the main base of Taoism in this period.During the Wei-Jin Dynasties,cultivation activities greatly promoted the rise and construction of the Taoist temples,and it should be noted that the Taoist icons were not set during this period.The rise of the Taoist temples during the Northern and Southern Dynasties in Yangtze River area is an important symbol of the development of Taoism.Most of the construction was related to the hermit Taoists,with performing cultivation or keeping followers there.During this period,the shape of the temples had been relatively mature and perfect,with "Zai Tang" as the center,the incense burner,high seat.In the inscriptions of the Southern Dynasties,there were no names such as "Tian Zun" or "Lao Jun",and there were no records about the deities,indicating that the Taoist culture had not formed a unified and stable deity belief,indicating that the deities were less likely to be statues then.During the Sui-Tang Dynasties,the theory of quiet and inaction,represented by Li Rong and Du Guangting,reflected that the Taoist theory in the Yangtze River valley had reached a fairly high level.Tang Dynasty emperor for the construction of Taoist temples and statues into a great passion,palace statues are very common.Tang Dynasty emperors four times ordered to nationwide temples,including Xuan Yuan Emperor Temple,Long Xing Temple,Kai Yuan Temple,Zi Ji Temple,in order to establish the Tang royal family in the blood relationship.The National temples had a consistent system of origin,the concept of the amount of worship and statues.During the Song Dynasties,Zheng Yi,Shang Qing and Ling Bao were in full swing,with Southern River as the main transmission area.The Southern Song Dynasty Emperors also greatly promoted the development of the Yangtze River Taoism.Song Dynasty court attaches great importance to the development of Taoism,especially the two emperors Song Zhen Zong and Hui Zong.Song Zhen Zong made efforts to unify the shape of the palace statues.Since the Song Dynasty,the temple icons of the Yangtze River basin are more general,and the scale,shape,facial features,artistic style gradually established and stabilized.There are three prominent aspects of the theme of the temple statues:First,the universal worship of the Taoist main deities,there are San Qing,Jade Emperor,Lao Jun,Dong Yue Emperor,San Guan;Third,the local gods of the prosperity and profound influence,mainly in the Ba Shu region of Wuyue Zhangren,San Huang,Jiu Zhen,in the middle area of Ma Gu,Caifang Zhenjun,Jiutian Shizhe,and so on.The Song Dynasty is a magnificent period of the Taoist temples and statues,showing two characteristics in the artistic style:first,pay attention to shape the "deity" of the deities.Second,make effort to show the spirit of the field of freedom and the pursuit of moral harmony of beauty and immortality.The building of Taoist temple icons in the Yangtze River area always used casting technology,followed by stone statues,paint,wood,plastic,jade,painting and so on.During the Tang and Song dynasties,the cartographic image of the clip was common in the images.The casting technology in Su Zhou and Hang Zhou during Song Dynasty was known throughout the country.Taoist temples in the Yangtze River have experienced systematic and orderly historical development in the construction of the immortal pedigree,the development of statues,the aesthetic features and the statues,and have made great contributions to the development of Taoist art and the spread of Taoist beliefs.