A Study On The Diachronic Evolution Of "Giving" Type Predicate Verbs In Archaic Chinese

Verbs in syntactic structure have the strongest activity ability and have very important position in the syntax,so the study on the verb evolution is an important part of history of Chinese vocabulary and history of Chinese grammar."Giving" type verbs are commonly used verbs in archaic Chinese,and have the characteristics of syntactically associating three semantic roles,so this article selects "giving" type predicate verbs as the research object,using the theory of semantic field,the theory of cognitive linguistics,the theory of valence,the theory of linguistic typology,adopts the quantitative survey statistics,description and interpretation combining,the combination of diachronic and comparative methods,enumerating the predicate verbs in different periods of archaic Chinese from the corpus of the typical representative cases,describes and analyzes the use frequency and semantic,word formation,sentence pattern,valence of various members synchronicly and on this basis reveals the veins of the diachronic evolution,summarizes and shows the characteristics of the evolution,explains the reasons of the evolution.This paper divided into five parts.We state in the first part the "giving" type predicate verbs research purpose,research value and research methods,enumerate the corpora which are used in this paper and introduce studies of archaic Chinese verbs.in generalIn the second part,we show the distribution of "giving" type predicate verbs in archaic Chinese separately,and analyze the frequency of occurrence of this kind of predicate verbs statistically.On the synchronic plane,we differentiate and analyze the semantic,word formation,sentence pattern,valence of the members of "giving" type predicate verbs in different periods.And we illustrate the characteristics of the predicate verbs on the vocabulary and grammar.The third part is the core part of this article.We study on the development of the "giving" type predicate verbs change from the perspective of diachronic:(1)the usage of old words;(2)the generation of new meanings and new words and their usages;(3)the constructures of the new disyllabic words;(4)the ways of evolution in meanings;(5)sentence patterns and their development;(6)valence and its development,eventually we create the evolution of the "giving" type predicate verbs.The fourth part is on the basis of the diachronic investigation of the "giving" type predicate verbs.We clarify the developing process of the predicate verbs,summarize the evolution characteristics and probe into the causes of the evolution occuring.The fifth part is the conclusion which we summarize the full text.