The Origin And Spread Of Shiben

Genealogy is one of the most important literature types in Pre-Qin period.Shiben is the representative of this kind of literature.It is the only genealogy in Hanshu Yiwenzhi,which is a official library catalogue of Western Han Dynasty.Shiben is the major basis of the investigation to the line ages of the Pre-Qin Period.Shiben have been lost for a long time.Because of this,we do not have enough knowledge about it.For example,the characteristics of Shiben and other documents like it,the different versions of Shiben,the spead of Shiben,the lost articles of Shiben,and so on.The object of this paper is to research the origin and spead of Shiben.This research is base on a large number of data,especially the unearthed literature and other ones' research.The first of this paper is the characteristics and chapter division of Shiben.There was a kind of literature named Shi,which was the origin of Shiben.Guoyu,Zhouli,and the ancient notes of them recorded the characteristics of Shi.Two inscriptions on bronze which named Shiqiang Pan and Qiu Pan,and Chuju,which was written on bamboo and collect by Qinghua University,and Wudide,which is a literature handed on from ancient times proved that these records were ture.These could be named early literature which is as similar as Shiben.Ancient literary materials,and Pangeng and Wuyi in Shangshu proved that some documents like Shiben,which recorded lineage probably appeared in Middle Shang Dynasty.The capters of Shiben can be divided into two groups.The first group recorded lineage.Another one recorded some kinds of knowledge which were closely related to lineage.The first group contained the lineage of emprors,kings,the feudal princes,and high ministers and nobles.This group reflected the patriarchal clan system and feudal system of Zhou Dynasty.Another group recorded surname,posthumous title,and how ancient emprors and kings make the things which were useful for people,and how to move the capital.The part which recorded how ancient emprors and kings make the things which were useful for people classify the things which were make in sorts or by inventors.Shiben is different from chroniclehistory books and biographical history books,in this capter,I analyse the differences between them.The second of this paper is early literature which is as similar as Shiben and the data sources of Shiben.First,I compared Shiben and two inscriptions on bronze which named Shiqiang Pan and Qiu Pan,and argued that the lineage of Zhou dynasty which was record by Shiben is base on some literatures which appeared very early.Second,I analysed the records on the lineage of Chu andinvention in documents which appeared in The Pre-Qin Period,and argued the differences and similarities between them.Third,I analysed the texts of Dixi and Wudide,then argued the data sources of them.The third of this paper is how Shiben spead and lost in past time.The version which was edited by Liu Xiang is the first version of Shiben which was recorded byancient books.The final record of this version is the event which happened in Chunqiu.The version of Shiben which was recorded by Hanshu was as similar as this version.There were some versions of Shiben which recorded the event which happened after Chunqiu,too.There was a kind of note of Shiben which written by Song Jun.Song Jun was not lived in Donghan Dynasty,and he is not Zheng Xuan's student.This note probably appeared in Sui or Tang Dynasty.Shiben have not lost when Songlizong ruled China.Some ancient books appeared in Ming Dynasty quoted Shiben,but the quotation was not reliable.The fourth of this paper is the research of the lost word of Shiben.I analysed the lost word,and investigated why there are differeces between the lost word when other ancient books quoted the lost words.