On The Rural Society's Construction Of Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Anti-Japanese Base

The examplary Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Anti-Japanese Base not only cultivated the Anti-Japanese forces and made a great contribution to the victory of the Anti-Japanese war,but also basically carried out a complete social reform and social construction attempt with new injecting vitality in the aspects of rural social management,construction of people's livelihood,cultural life and social norms.These attempt,which was interacted with the original rural society,gradually changed the land of North-china and the people living on this land and finally created a new society.Under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party,the social reform and construction in the rural Base accumulated many valuable experience and lessons for the full range of large-scale social reform and transformation after the founding of the People's Republic of China.From the research perspective of the history of Chinese Communist Party and the rural society,the paper strives to show us a fresh,real,tortuous and rich historical process with detailed historical data which described the process of the rural social reform and construction in the Base and the reality of the rural social changes.Started form the review of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei rural social condition on the eve of the Anti-Japanese war,the paper outlines the natural environment and social ecology condition of the basement form the aspects of the natural conditions,political ecology,the peasants' life and social culture.Then the paper begins a historical investigation according to the the rural social management,construction of people's livelihood,ideological and cultural and social norms.In the process of the traditional rural management of the Base,the new intervention of the modern Chinese Communist Party completely changed the rural social management.As foreign organization,the Chinese Communist Party successfully penetrated the national consciousness to the village through the new political policies,and reform towards rural regime institutions and their staffs.The Base's administrative system,which is the combination oflegislative and executive powers,replaced the old patriarchal clan,supernatural political systems.The implement of the Base 's electoral politics and the founding of the new social organization made people effectively participate in the rural social management.Bottom peasants became the recruits in the rural social leadership,which innovated the basic mode of rural social management.Focusing on the people's production and life,the construction of people's livelihood in the basement reduced the burden on peasants and improved the level of peasants' lives through the methods of developing production,changing production relationship,adjusting the distribution of benefits and implementing the basic social security etc.The Base's education,newspapers,mass cultural activities flourished and enriched the spiritual and cultural life of the peasants.At the same time,new values and behavior view,new political and social awareness of the wind sneaked into the night,silently into the farmer's heart.The Base's rural social norms realized the innovation from the following four aspects,that is,in the moral,customs,laws and the general mood of society aspects.In the brutality of war and the tension of revolution,all these changes have different degrees of tension in different degrees: the diaphragm between the foreign new culture and the traditional culture,the struggle between the foreign forces and local forces,the distance between the Communist Party of China and the practical demand of farmers,the contradiction between limited resources and more demands and so on,all the problems challenged the local ruling and the realization of the goal of the Chinese Communist Party.In the process,the Chinese Communist Party strives to make its team and organization adapt to the rural reality through party rectification.In order to make cadres at the basic level,who were the communication intermediary between the Party and the rural society,accord with the Party's requirements and expectations,the Party strengthened the training study towards the basic officials in almost every job.The village regime constantly sorted out,rectified and improved its polices in practice to overcome the new problems appeared in various policies,institutions,work style of cadres,andso on.The flood of the political contents in all kinds of cultural carriers and social norms,the full use of the means of propaganda and encouragement,and the mutual blend of the contents and forms of various policy activities all strengthened the effectiveness of the construction in the Base.In addition,driven by interests,the peasants,especially the cadres at the basic level,all followed the direction of the Chinese Communist Party 's policy,which effectively slowed down or even resolved the contradictions and made the basis of rural social construction go smoothly.The construction of the rural society,led by the leading of the Communist Party of China,gave birth to the appearance of modern factors in rural society and gradually shaped a new social form which was different from the traditional rural area.The appearance of the Base was the successful exploration of the most weak rural areas in modern China's developing process.The exploration of historical experience has enlightenment significance in Chinese New Countryside construction.Although today's Communist Party of China is not the Communist Party of China yesterday,today's village is not the village yesterday,today's Communist Party of China need the success of reform to consolidate its ruling status,today the village and villagers still move towards modernization.Compared with the past,the task they face is mainly the difference between the specific amount,not qualitative difference.There are some experience,for example:the Party rectification in the Base,consolidation and rectification in the establishment of the government,adjustment in the implementation of the policy system,all round system reform in social management,democracy and people's livelihood,cultural education,social norms and social values and so on.Learning from these experiences is beneficial to the construction of new countryside.