The Concept's Generation And Deduction Of "Bone Method, Using Brush Pen"

The second “method” of Xie He's “six methods” is the “bone method,using brush pen”?After Zhang yanyuan paraphrased and explained and deduction the“six methods” based on the “using brush pen”,it was often called “using brush pen with bone method”in past dynasties?The difference in punctuation directly leads to the different emphasis of word meaning?In later generations,Xie He's tasting painting standards theory was gradually developed into a theory of combining painting methods with tasting painting standards ? Since the Ming and Qing dynasties,it is generally considered that this method requires the “brush pen line is strong with bone strength”in the picture?However,to interpret Xie He's“Records of Ancient Paintings” and the reconstructor Zhang Yanyuan's “Records of Famous Paintings of Past Dynasties” from this perspective is contradictory in many places,which can't be reasonably explained?Based on the paintings,the author traces to the origin and prove the reason for the concept's generation and reconstruction of “bone method,using brush pen”?The author thinks that this “method” refers to the whole bone “body”of the image,that is,the concept of “big shape” in today's painting,while “reflecting objects and pictographic”refers to the“shape”of the face,which is the“detail feature”in today's painting concept?“Reflecting objects”(feature)is subordinate to “bone method”(big shape),but it has its independence?This kind of subordination has the same cognition in physiognomy,appreciation and painting themselves ? The difference in understanding today is due to the fact that in the historical development of the word “shape”,the meaning of the word “shape”has expanded from“shape”of the face to“shape”of the whole body?In the process of “seeing from distance and observing from near ” of appreciating and evaluating paintings,only large bone movements can be seen in the distance,and detailed features such as facial features need to be closely observed?Even for a painting itself,facial depiction is not like the depicted objects,and is less important than bone movements?Although both Xie He's“bone method”and Zhang Yanyuan's“bone spirit”refer to the bone of the whole body,there are some differences?In the times when“picture appreciation”is the main function,painting aims at objectively depicting real objects?“Bone method”refers to the bone body which is thin and bony,this kind of bone body was the aesthetic pursuit of scholar-officials in the two Jin and Southern Dynasties?And it was shown as“beautiful bones with clear image”in Lu Tanwei'spaintings?Therefore,Xie He regarded the aesthetic words of that times of“bone method”as the bone evaluation standard of the images in the painting?“Bone spirit”refers to the bone body whose joints can't be seen because of its magnificence(fullness)?In the activities of physiognomy and appreciation,it is necessary to use spirit and deportment to assist observation outside the bone body?The representative in painting is Zhang Sengyou's“majestic bone spirit”?This kind of bone body is not only not appreciated by scholars in the Southern Dynasties,but also not easy to show in paintings?However,the Sui and Tang Dynasties took magnificence(fullness)as their beauty?If they did not want to depict the objects bloated and weak,they would have to lay more stress on dynamic and spiritual depiction?“The clothes belts on Wu Daozi's paintings are like the wind blowing and flying on the wall?”were created on the basis of this kind of bone body aesthetic,that is,“bone body”and“spirit”form“bone spirit”?For the“bone method,using brush pen”,Xie He and Zhang yanyuan did not advocate that“using brush pen”must be strong and powerful?Instead,however it refers that according to different objects,the bone body is shaped by corresponding brush pen lines,which still belongs to the evaluation standard of bone body modelling?Zhang Yanyuan's viewpoint of“the shape of bone and spirit is based on conception and belongs to the use of a brush pen”is merely from the standpoint of painting evaluation?Several standards that need to be expressed by brush pen lines,such as “bone body”,“spirit and rhyme”,“shape”,“conception”,etc?are based on the investigation of“using brush pen”,which is more practical than Xie He's“six methods”?...