Study On Organization Discipline In The Horizon Of Management-Oriented Government

Discipline is an important tool for management-oriented government-the government function model in industrial society.The exercise of discipline is a good fit with the "center-edge" structure for state-centered governance since modern times.It's the most effective way for collective actions in this historic period.However,discipline management not only obstructs the realization of liberty from value rationality but also hinders the full implementation of publicness.From the perspective of administration management,the interpretation on discipline range,operation,function,and impact,provides not only a new analytical perspective for understanding many negative phenomena in the operation of the modern bureaucratic organizations,but also knowledge accumulation for building a public administrative organization paradigm in post-industrial society.This dissertation takes the path of historicism and interpretivism.It regards discipline as a typical phenomenon in modern society and investigates the rationality of discipline in the historic type of "community-governance".It integrates discipline into organizational study so as to investigate discipline in organization practices.This dissertation sees organization as the main junction point between society and individual and investigates the operation and function of discipline from the relationship of "society-organization" and "organization-individual".On the "society-organization" level,the investigation mainly focuses on the rationality of organizational tool selection from the perspective of authority.By comparison with the rule-oriented government,pointing out that the management-oriented government operates on the basis of legal-rational authority,and in order to obtain authority,the government must make itself restricted to four basic constraints:"equality","right","domination" and "efficiency".These four constraints are preconditions for a management-oriented government creating discipline tool.Management-oriented government boasts both ruling(visible)and management(invisible)function.And with it,management-oriented government manages to make its dominant side hidden.On the "organization-individual" level,this dissertation investigates the operation of the discipline from both vertical and horizontal directions.Vertically management-oriented government is a "command-obedience" model of control system,whose purpose is to obtain obedience.The discipline's core function is "to make the obedience a natural behavior".Administrative obedience is conditional.While for the efficiency of organizational integration,administrative obedience cannot be conditional.Therefore,the more conditions the individual obedience requires,the less conditions the discipline management should be subject to.Discipline provides two strategies-"confinement-induction" and i"practice-wakeup"-which share the same purpose that is to suppress people's rational thinking ability and turn regulative and conditional obedience into habitual and unconditional obedience.However,habitual obedience weakens administrators'executive responsibility and reduces administrative efficiency and hence brings the needs for discipline management reform.Horizontally,management-oriented government is a collective action system of "discipline-collaboration".Discipline training increases coordination efficiency through professional practice which is only applicable in simple administrative environment.However,post-industrial society brings complications and uncertainties to problem-solving in public administration.The "discipline-collaboration" system shows great limitations with access to the efficiency of collective action.In addition,in order to obtain a consistent synergistic effect,the bureaucratic organization controls people's minds through"knowledge-discipline".It not only conceals its essential "center-edge" structure,but also obstructs the rationality learning of citizens.Discipline management is the embodiment of rationalism in the organizational level.Born during the Enlightenment Movement,rationalism was intended to realize personal liberation and independence-the organizational principle of the free society should be based on rational autonomy.However,under the influence of utilitarianism and the trends of management thoughts,the spirit that enlightens rationality gradually turns into instrumental rationality.The principle of government organization is changed:efficiency becomes the prerequisite to freedom;discipline replaces careful reflection and rational autonomy.The human society is on the road against freedom.Post-industrial society highlights the contradictions in the discipline management,offering an opportunity to develop a new public organization paradigm.With the multi-centralization of social governance structure in place and the awakening of civic consciousness,legal-rational authority will be replaced by mobile leader authority,future administrative organization will be more flexible,open and adaptive to situations,and the "bureaucracy-discipline" organizational model will gradually be replaced by "networked-cooperation" organization model.