Marx's Criticism Of Capitalist Economic Freedom And Economic Liberalism

Economic freedom is the theme of the development of modern society.Marx once carried on the profound criticism to the capitalist economic freedom and its theoretical form.This kind of critique is essentially from the freedom dimension to the capitalist economic relations,especially the ownership relations and the exchange relations,in a certain sense,which is the fundamental criticism to the capitalist economic relations.In the contemporary era,with the development of capital-led economic globalization and nation-state market economy,the practice of economic freedom highlights the inherent contradictions and development paradox.Generation of contradictions cause by economic freedom,which are one of modern society problems' perform,which include the value pursuit of man's free and all-round development and the alienation of human spirit caused by commodity fetishism,the socialization of production and the private possession of means of production and so on.Therefore,the solution of practical problems requires us to adhere to the criticism of economic freedom,and also to strengthen the consciousness of historical transcendence of capital.This article is based on the view of economic philosophy,depended on Marx's related classics,and combined with the philosophical basis of Marx's critical thought of economic freedom,and makes an overall study on the logical thinking,main contents,research methods and practical significance of Marx's critical thought of economic freedom.Marx,starting from the beginning of capitalist economic freedom——the division of labor of alienation,combined with the realistic movement of capital,comprehensively and deeply revealed the logical starting point,theoretical premise,core thought and substantive content of capitalist economic freedom.Taking capital as the axis,Marx revealed the historical rationality and inherent limits of capitalist economic freedom,aiming to explore the realistic path to realize human liberation,and communism as a realistic movement to dispel and sublate capitalist economic freedom is the historical beginning of the free and all-round development of human beings.Marx took "realistic individuals engaged in material production activities" as the logical starting point for criticizing capitalist economic freedom.,thus avoiding fundamentally the mistake of abstract understanding of human being by economic liberalism.Taking class as the basic element in the analysis of capitalist economic freedom,we have found out the material forces that affect the realization of economic freedom by laborers,and regard the liberation of mankind as the direction of free economic development.Taking communism as the sublation of the alienated capitalist mode of production provides an ideal way to eliminate the capitalist economic freedom.This paper focuses on three main issues.Firstly,on the basis of understanding the theoretical premise of classical economic liberalism,the basic stand and ideological essence of classical economic liberalism are combed.Secondly,the issue is to clarify Marx's problem consciousness of criticizing capitalist economic freedom,and to explore the historical context,theoretical content and ideological essence of Marx's critical thought of economic freedom.Thirdly,the issue is to clarify the academic orientation of Marx's critical thought of capitalist economic freedom and to reveal its contemporary value.First of all,based on the original works of classical economics,this paper analyzes the main viewpoints and policy propositions of classical economic liberalism.This paper sorts out the logical relations and research ideas between "freedom,economic freedom and political freedom" of classical economic liberalism,and shows the theoretical basis,main viewpoints and ideological connotation of the problem of economic freedom expounded by classical economics.Then,the paper focus on Marx's criticism of capitalist economic freedom ideas,research methods and core ideas.Firstly,combined with the German classical philosophy and utopian socialism related research results of inspiration to Marx,reveals the theoretical origin and methodology of Marx's critical thought of economic freedom.Secondly,combined with the relevant texts,taking the reproduction process of capital as the starting point,this paper focuses on Marx's criticism of the theoretical premise of economic liberalism,the essence of economic freedom,and the economic and social problems caused by economic freedom.Based on the analysis paradigm of division of labor,capital and private ownership,this paper presents a wealth of content and powerful theoretical logic of Marx's critical thought of economic freedom.Marx overcame and transcended the historical limits of capitalist economic freedom by the free and comprehensive development of communism and human beings,and the elimination of economic freedom took the sublation of capital logic as the historical premise.The innovation of this paper is mainly reflected in the following aspects.1)On the basis of in-depth study of Marx's original text,this paper systematically combs and analyzes Marx's critical thought of economic freedom.This paper reveals the position of Marx's critique of capitalist economic freedom and economic liberalism in his whole ideological history.Economic freedom is not only the product of reason and enlightenment since the Renaissance,but also the inevitable outcome of the establishment and development of capitalist mode of production.Marx's critique of capitalist economic freedom serves the critique of capitalist mode of production,economic system and economic relations,which is an important angle of view of criticizing capitalist social economic base and the ideological premise of establishing scientific surplus value theory.2)Innovation of research methods.This paper investigates the occurrence mechanism,operation mechanism and development trend of capitalist economic freedom as an organic whole,and makes a systematic and in-depth analysis of this issue from the perspective of economic philosophy.By using the research method from abstract to concrete,this paper studies the inner logical thinking of Marx's critical thought of economic freedom,and tries to make a new generalization and description.3)Based on Marx's logical thinking and analytical framework on the trinity of division of labor,capital and private ownership,the free trade,free competition and private ownership are regarded as the main objects of Marx's criticism of economic freedom.Taking the critique of human nature and division of labor as the theoretical premise of Marx's criticism of economic liberalism,and the critique of free trade and free competition under the logic of capital as the essential content of Marx's critical thought of economic freedom.The criticism of private ownership is regarded as the deep connotation of Marx's critical thought of economic freedom,and the elimination and sublation of the inherent limit and historical limit of economic freedom by communism is regarded as the direction of the development of economic freedom.The core of Marx's critical thought of economic freedom is the criticism of capital.Marx's inner negative criticism of capital reveals the essence of economic liberalism,and the expansion of capital is the fundamental basis for the existence of economic freedom.The limit of capital is the historical limit of economic freedom.In the process of developing market economy,China should make better use of and regulate capital to overcome the negative effects of capital and market economy.The future of China is based on the restriction of power on capital,or the regulation of power on capital represents the direction of the development of human society,which is the most valuable part of socialism with Chinese characteristics.