A Reseach On The Ecological Thought Of Economic And Philosophical Manuscripts In 1844

The Manuscript of Economics and Philosophy of 1844 plays an important role in the history of Marxist development and the history of Marxist ecological thought.From the perspective of the development history of Marxism,as the combination point of Marx's “two transformations”,“manuscript” is the first attempt to combine philosophy with economics,and the unity of philosophy,economics and communist “primordial ecology” and it is the foundation of Marx's philosophical revolution;From the perspective of the history of the development of Marxist ecological thought,manuscript is not only the birthplace of the logical starting point of Marx's ecological thought,but also Marx's thought of ecological philosophy and ecological economy,the first attempt to integrate ecological political thoughts into organic unity.Therefore,manuscript is the “secret and birthplace” of Marx's holistic ecological thought.Clarifying the position of manuscript in the history of Marxism and Marxist ecological thought is a prelude to the research of this paper.The ecological thought is mainly embodied in Marx's metaphysical criticism of the relationship between man and nature,the ecological criticism of capitalism and the construction of the future ecological society.The metaphysical critical dimension of man and nature: in manuscripts,Marx created the core concept of manuscripts,sensibility-objectivity activity,by transforming Hegel's “pure object activities” and Feuerbach's principle of sensibility-objectivity.The relationship is understood as the “sensibility-objectivity” relationship formed in the “perceptual activity”.The concept of "humanized nature" has been constructed,thus dispelling the thinking mode of "dualistic opposition between subject and object" which has been formed since modern times.It has achieved the double transcendence of “rational man”,“natural person”,“natural person” and “organic theory of nature” of anthropocentrism and non-anthropocentrism.The ecological critical dimension of capitalism: in manuscript,Marx explains "alienated labor" from four aspects.In alienated labor,nature is a tool for capitalists to get rich and a means for workers to maintain their physical existence,which inevitably leads to the opposition between man and nature.Alienation of labor is “an activity”,and private property is “a state” formed by such activities.Under the condition of private property,people's feelings,human needs,and natural science are alienated.Marx's realistic criticism of alienated labor and private property has opened the theoretical horizon of capitalist ecological criticism and revealed the realistic origin of the opposition between man and nature.The construction dimension of the future ecological society: based on the understanding of private property,Marx understands communism as the positive sublation of private property and all alienation,which is the “return of human nature”,that is,“the real resurrection of nature”,“the real solution of the contradiction between man and nature,between man and man”,the answer to the historical riddle of ecological crisis.Marx not only theoretically analyzed the ecological implication of communism,but also found a realistic way to realize communism--the future ecological society-the political form of worker liberation.The ecological thought has important enlightenment for us to re-examine contemporary capitalism in the view of systemic crisis and to position socialism with Chinese characteristics in the horizon of ecological civilization.When the focus of the multidimensional refraction of the systematic crisis of the doctrine lies,when Marx reveals the root cause of the opposition between capitalist man and nature in manuscript,it means that it is the inevitable trend of historical development for communism to replace capitalism.Western ecological Marxist scholars,represented by Andre Goz,firmly deny the existing and traditional socialism.According to the ideas of intermediary and link in manuscript,we define socialism and ecological civilization as the sublation of private property,an intermediary and link in the industrial civilization movement,rather than the completed “positive reality”,thus to dispel the logical dilemma between the western ecological Marxism theory and the practice of our country.