Research On The Current Situation And Development Of Higher Vocational Education Investment In China's Economic Transition Period

Since the opening of the twenty-first Century,China's higher vocational education has made great progress in many aspects.The establishment of legal status and the change of public opinions can not cover up the deficiency and the defects in the policy and operational level.The higher vocational education investment is the key problem in the development of higher vocational education,this issue mainly focuses on whether the current funding of higher vocational education investment meets the needs of the development of higher vocational education;whether the provincial funding of higher vocational education is balanced;the efficiency of higher vocational education investment and higher vocational education investment's contribution to the economic development.From the analysis of the general situation of higher education funds in our country,this paper introduces the present situation of higher vocational education funds in our country.Then through the analysis of the funding amount in higher vocational education investment and distribution proportion of arrangement restricted by factors such as economic development,social culture and technology development level,population scale and international environment,brings out two important directions of this study,they are the relationship between human resources and economic development and higher vocational education investment and development.Based on the research of the characteristics of education investment and the financial policy of higher vocational education in China,this paper analyzes the cross sectional data of 2011 and 2015 in the initial stage of economic transformation and upgrading in China,using factor analysis and regression analysis to examine the coordination between the development of higher vocational education and the level of regional economic development;using SPSS statistical analysis software for Grainger causality test in China higher vocational education funding and economic development data from 2011 to 2015;then starts from the basic theory of students and parents sharing the cost of higher vocational education,expounds Chinese students and families sharing willingness and the cost of higher vocational education ability,influencing factors of cost of higher vocational education personal sharing,empirical analysis of China's higher vocational education residents ability to pay and the maximum economic capacity;using the DEA method to analysis the relation between China's provincial funds to higher vocational education?students number and the number of graduates and other factors to show the investment technical efficiency and scale efficiency,predict the total size of the students of higher vocational education in our country during the period of "13th Five-Year".The results show that:1)due to the late start of higher vocational education and the regression of intermediate development and other factors,the proportion of higher vocational education funds in the national budgetary education funds is still small.At the same time,the main source of funding for education depends on the national financial education funds and tuition income,social investment proportion is relatively low and the funding gap between higher vocational education and ordinary higher education is large.2)although the grading funding mechanism has been established,the education financing channels diversified pattern shape,but there is still a lack of higher vocational education financial transfer payment,local subsidy funds are not in place and the administrative and financial inconsistencies existing in the management of higher vocational education.3)that coordination degree between the development of higher vocational education in our country and regional economic development is not very high,of which there are two cases,one is the development of higher vocational education ahead of the regional economic development;the second is the development of higher vocational education lags behind the regional economy.No matter what kind of situation is,it is not conducive to the long-term healthy and stable development of higher vocational education and economy.4)there was no significant spatial correlation of higher occupation education funds;at present the eastern and western regions between the funding of higher vocational education investment difference is bigger,mid-west higher vocational student public budget funding is low,which is mainly due to the rapid economic development in the eastern region and the relatively weak status of western region economy restrict the higher vocational education development level in the region.5)financial education funds in China GDP and national higher vocational education relations,higher vocational education of national financial education funds is Grainger reason of GDP.This shows that our country's investment in higher vocational education and the development of higher vocational education can promote the economic development of our country.With the help of regression model,it is found that the contribution of national financial input to China's higher vocational education increases by one percentage point,and its contribution to China's economic growth can reach 1.7231%.Therefore,this study suggests that:l)Give full play to the leading role of the government and increase the support for higher vocational education.The central government should pay attention to the higher occupation education financial expenditure in each province,through the establishment of education funds transfer payment system or the establishment of special fiscal policies to support funding the weaker areas and protect the people's demand for higher occupation education.2)The source of higher vocational education funds should be increased,and financial education funds should be raised in many ways.On the one hand,the central government can increase policy arrangements for higher vocational education,such as education surcharge levied from the land transfer income in education funds,on the other hand,using social capital to support higher vocational education.3)Rational use of financial education funds to improve the efficiency of the use of education funds.To maximize the use of educational funds and broaden the source of educational funds must be paid attention by the government departments.For the educational funds of the state financial appropriations,it is necessary to improve the system of educational funds management and carry out scientific and rational management.The cost accounting should be carried out to establish a scientific,reasonable and transparent budget system to maximize the efficiency of the use of funds.4)Improve the system of cost sharing in higher vocational education.According to the actual situation of China's economic development,combined with the comprehensive consideration for the provincial economic development,the government should work out a funding mechanism for higher vocational education.lt should be combined with the cost required for higher vocational schools,taking into account the capacity of family education in our country and attracting the participation of social capital.5)The system of scholarships for higher vocational education should be implemented to improve the attraction of higher vocational colleges.By vigorously developing the award and grant system of higher vocational colleges,we can help more poor families get the chance to receive higher vocational education.At the same time,we need to encourage our higher vocational colleges to subsidize students from poor families in various ways.