A Research On The Operation Mechanism Of Modern Apprenticeship In Higher Vocational Colleges In China

The modern apprenticeship system has been proved to be an effective and professional training mode for the professional education,Actively respond to the national policy,the practice exploration of modern apprenticeship training is not only the promotion of profes-sional education to serve the economic and social development precisely,but also the pro-motion of education system and industrial economic system to develop interactively so as to promote the construction of the modern profession education system.It is also the impor-tant carrier and key sally port of higher vocational colleges to break through the bottleneck of production and education,and realize the deep development of school-enterprise coopera-tion when entering the post-demonstration period.In order to solve some key theoretical problems encountered in the process of modern apprenticeship practice,this study chooses the operation mechanism of modern apprenticeship in higher vocational colleges as the re-search topic and tries to answer the question of how the relevant stakeholders of the mod-ern apprenticeship system in higher vocational colleges should cooperate with each other to cultivate students under the current system environment.This paper starts from the interpreting the concept of modern apprenticeship system in vocational colleges and distinguishes the difference between modern apprenticeship and tra-ditional apprenticeship.Based on the understanding of essential connotation of modern ap-prenticeship and its operation mechanism,this paper analyzes the interest demands of main participants and puts forward the theoretical analysis framework of modern apprenticeship system in higher vocational colleges.According to this framework,several important ques-tions are answered:what is the current situation of China's modern apprenticeship system,what are the issues existing in it?Can China 's current system environment guarantee the well running of modern apprenticeship system'?After learning from the experience and in-spiration of the modern apprenticeship system in the western countries(Germany,Eng-land,and Switzerland),what local experience has been accumulated via the practice and exploration of the modern apprenticeship system in vocational colleges under the current system environment?And where is the construction path of modern apprenticeship system in vocational colleges in China?For all these questions,the paper firstly analyzes relevant literature and data,clarifies the connotation and theoretical analysis framework of modern apprenticeship system in higher vocational colleges and verifies the theoretical analysis framework by means of ques-tionnaire survey.Secondly,through the questionnaire survey method and other empirical research methods,the present situation and problems of modern apprenticeship system in vocational colleges in China are presented objectively.Thirdly,the basic experience the construction of modern apprenticeship system in Germany and Switzerland is analyzed ver-tically and horizontally via comparative study.Fourthly,a case study was conducted to 3 schools in the east,middle and west of China respectively,the experience and lessons of modern apprenticeship system construction are deeply analyzed and the local experience is summarized and refined.Fifthly,based on the above research foundation,a systematic construction scheme of modern apprenticeship system is formed and put into practice in H Vocational and Technical College to optimize and perfect through actions and reflections.Through the above research,the research conclusions are formed as follows.Firstly,the mechanism of modern apprenticeship in higher vocational colleges refers to the interac-tion between the relevant subjects participating in this process based on their own demands and seeking mutual cooperation.It includes four basic dimensions:benefit driven mecha-nism,coordination and communication mechanism,curriculum development and quality as-surance mechanism.Secondly,the current research results of modern apprenticeship sys-tem in higher vocational colleges show that the operation level is generally moderate,and only the communication and coordination mechanism in each sub-dimension is at a moderate level,while the remaining dimensions are in the middle degree.Thirdly,based on the so-cial construction theory of socio-economic school,the modern apprenticeship system in vo-cational colleges in China is restricted by the current system environment.This restriction is mainly manifested in the lack of an institutional basis for a credible commitment between companies and apprentices,the lack of the apprenticeship guarantee system can easily lead to the alienation of apprenticeship,the lack of education function in the industry causes the high transaction cost of school enterprises and the lack of labor safety protection system hinders the identity of the enterprise master.Fourthly,through the comparative analysis of the modern apprenticeship system in Germany,England and Switzerland,it is suggested that the construction of modern apprenticeship system should attach great importance to the interests of all parties involved,build a multi-party communication and cooperation platform,multi-parties participate in curriculum development,innovative teaching imple-mentation path,and establish a quality assurance mechanism with broad participation by the relevant subjects.In the research perspective,the paper clearly points out the connotation and its con-stituent elements of the modern apprenticeship system in vocational colleges.Based on the above research,this paper establishes a new theoretical perspective and analytical frame-work for the analysis of modern apprenticeship in vocational colleges,and then the explora-tion experience of modern apprenticeship at home and abroad was analyzed.In the theoreti-cal inquiry,based on the social construction theory of economic and social school,the pa-per deeply analyzes the predicament of the system in the construction of modern apprentice-ship.Based on the action research,this paper probes into the construction path of the modern apprenticeship system in higher vocational colleges under the current national con-ditions,and puts forward the local theory which accords with China's national conditions.In the application of the method,the study combines theoretical research with practice in-quiry and integrates quantitative research into qualitative research and action research.With theoretical guidance and based on practice and reflection theory,the study keep re-peating of the " theory-practice-theory way to enhance the guiding significance of theory and promote practice better.