| Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era-people's yearning for a better life has changed from solving the problem of food and clothing and getting rid of poverty into pursuit of health,happiness and self-value fulfillment.China's social policy to cope with the aging of the population has also changed from the traditional "backing up" old-age security to support policy for healthy aging.The spatial matching of elderly population and health resources has three meanings: quantity scale,structure type and spatial distribution.The in-depth study of the spatial matching relationship between the elderly population and health resources not only embodies the value orientation of healthy aging,but also has important theoretical and practical significance to improve the supply efficiency of the health service and resources for the elderly and alleviate the pressure of the health service resources of the elderly.The matching of population and resources is an important practice of national governance.It is not only a social problem that the state attaches great importance to,but also a hot topic of concern in the academic circles.At present,most of the research on this problem is based on the research paradigm of sociology,demography,economics and management,and adopts the framework of institutional framework analysis structure to study the matching relationship between population and resources from the dimension of population security,the dialectical interaction of population and resources,and the optimization of the allocation and management of population and resources.However,the above research paradigm ignored the impact of spatial structure on the allocation of public service resources,and understood the spatial structure as an exogenous variable in resource allocation rather than an endogenous variable.In recent years,new economic geography and spatial economics are gradually emerging,providing a new perspective for the optimal allocation of public service resources.From the perspective of reality,the unbalanced matching of elderly population and health resources is an important social problem in the background of China's aging population.In particular,China has gradually shifted from the matching of population and public service resources "quantity" to "quality" matching.Therefore,it is of great theoretical and practical innovation value to discuss the spatial allocation and efficiency of urban health resources from the perspective of space.Taking Shanghai as the research sample,this paper focuses on the following two contradictory phenomena.First,the supply of health service resources for the elderly population with medical resources is increasing rapidly,the medical cost is rising,but the health level of the elderly population has not been increased synchronously.Secondly,the health environmental resources of the elderly population,represented by green space and park,and the elderly health social resources represented by pension institutions,old age sports and old age education are getting more and more attention for the elderly,while the choice for the elderly is faced with difficulties in space.Accordingly,why do elderly people in Shanghai do not want to move to the suburbs? What is the spatial accessibility of health resources for the elderly in Shanghai? What is the mechanism of spatial matching between elderly population and health resources? What are the underlying reasons for the unbalanced matching of elderly population and health resources?It is the core issue that must be closely linked to the research of the paper.Based on the spatial matching perspective,the paper studies the elderly based on the two dimensions of "qualitative" equilibrium and "quantity" balance of the aged population and health resources space,based on the quantitative analysis methods,such as fuzzy comprehensive evaluation,principal component analysis,GIS spatial accessibility analysis,Factor prediction,GM(1.1)Grey prediction,spatial regression statistical analysis,and so on.This article has studied in depth the status and characteristics of population and health resources,spatial demand and supply,and matching.This article has studied in depth the characteristics of the spatial matching of the elderly population and health resources were explained systematically.The accessibility of the health resources of the elderly population in Shanghai was deeply analyzed.The images and causes of the uneven matching of the elderly population and health resources were revealed,and the practical path of the spatial matching of the elderly population and health resources in Shanghai was discussed.The specific chapters of the paper are as follows:The first chapter is the introduction.This paper makes a general analysis of the research background,significance,definition,thinking and main content of the research,and explains the research methods of the paper and the possible space matching innovation of the elderly population and health resources.The second chapter is the literature review of the spatial matching between elderly population and health resources.From the theory of population aging,healthy geography and space economics,it is an important measure to clarify the optimal allocation of health resources for the elderly.The third chapter is spatial matching of health resources research of elderly population and health resource matching.From the three aspects of theoretical value,practical value and practical dilemma,this paper analyzes the rationality of matching the elderly population with health resources.The fourth chapter is the evaluation of the current situation of the matching of elderly population and health resources in Shanghai.Using the statistical data of Shanghai Public Security Bureau,Shanghai statistical yearbook data and GIS spatial analysis method,and the related models of sub elements,Grey theory,bilinear open dynamic population model,and so on,this paper appraise the status quo of the matching of the elderly population and health resources in Shanghai.The fifth chapter is the evaluation index and model construction of the elderly population and health resources spatial matching.The ideas,motive and principle of space matching model,the index system of space matching model,the construction and calculation of space matching model are studied in detail.The sixth chapter is the cause analysis of unbalanced matching between elderly population and health resources.The paper analyzes from three aspects: the performance of matching imbalance,the behavior characteristics of interest subjects,the analysis of interest demands,and the game analysis of stakeholders.The seventh chapter is the practice path of elderly population and health resources spatial matching.The paper studies the three principles from the following aspects: the principles of spatial matching path construction,the goals of spatial matching mechanism and the specific measure of spatial matching.The eighth chapter concludes the discussion and puts forward questions that remain to be further discussOn the basis of the research in the preceding chapters,we summarize and summarize the conclusions of the paper and explain the problems further discussed in the paper.The study of the paper has obtained the following conclusions:First,the essence of the matching between the elderly population and the health resource space is the spatial matching relationship between demand and supply,that is,the matching relationship between the difference of the health needs of the elderly and the standardization of the supply of health resources.On the one hand,this matching relation is the matching of quantity scale and structure type,on the other hand,it is the match of spatial distribution.Taking the spatial structure as an endogenous variable,this paper studies the health resources of the elderly population,and investigates the maximization of the spatial matching utility.Second,spatial matching dynamics is an important attribute of matching elderly population and health resources.At present,the spatial matching of the elderly population and health resources,on the one hand,is mainly around the static matching of the number and scale of the health resources of the "stock" of the elderly population.On the other hand,it is more important to dynamically match the health resources of the "incremental" elderly population.Third,the paper thinks that Shanghai old population has low accessibility to health resources.Based on the data and maps of Shanghai,this paper uses ArcGIS software to calculate the spatial accessibility of the health resources of the elderly in Shanghai.It is found that the accessibility coefficient based on the average reachability distance is not high,and the accessibility effect is not good.Fourth,the matching degree of elderly population and health resources in Shanghai is relatively poor,but there is a good trend of development.Based on the matching coefficient calculation,the matching of elderly population and health resources in Shanghai is barely matched,but it is facing a maladjustment.The analysis of the forecast results in 2020 showed that the spatial matching index of the elderly population and health resources was about 0.8,which basically reached a good match interval,indicating that the spatial matching trend was good.Fifth,interest game of different stakeholders is the main reason for the uneven matching of elderly population and health resources.The process of optimal allocation of health resources for elderly population in Shanghai involves different stakeholders.There are conflicting interests between different stakeholders.All the stakeholders pursue their own interests to maximize their interests,and then create conflicts of interest,which affects the realization of the overall goal and the effective allocation of resources in Shanghai's elderly population and health resources. |
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