Hu Shih'sNationalistic Transformation Thought And Its Educational Enlightenment

Hu Shih's nationalistic transformation thought is an important part of modern nationalistic transformation thought,and also a pearl to be mined in the educational ideology system of our country.Hu Shih'snationalistic transformation thought is mainly embodied in the shaping of the sound and independent personality of the people,advocating the construction of the independent,free and equal personality of people through the combination of individual reform and social system reform.However,the current social morality construction or nationalistic transformation remains a orientation of the lack of independent personality,critical awareness,and the spirit of responsibility,and remains a "single determinism" tendency of paying great importance to personal transformation,ignoring the system reform.In history,those the quality of the people having been fiercely criticized,or the root of the problem of national inferiority can still be found from the morden people.It can be considered that systematic sorting and in-depth study of Hu Shih nationalistic transformation thought is of great significance and value for the reform of school moral education,the realization of Chinese modernization,and the improvement of Chinese people's quality.Bringing up the modern people with a sound and independent personality is the ultimate goal of Hu Shih'snationalistic transformation thought.Sound independent personality is mainly manifested as independent free will,critical spirit and responsibility consciousness.Based on a sound independent personality,Hu Shih made an in-depth discussion and explanation on a series of basic issues such as the criticizes,the constructs and reform purpose of nationalistic transformation.In terms of criticizes of nationalistic transformation,the development process from criticizes of "modern national" to criticizes of "modern people" has finally formed the content of nationalistic transformation based on "individual standard".The cultivation of individual consciousness is the core content of Hu Shih'snationalistic transformation.To be specific,Hu Shih deeply criticized women's issues,chastity culture,traditional filial piety,feudal customs,family individualism and other traditional morals.On this basis,he proposed to build independent,free and equal modern quality.In fact,influenced by the background of The Times and the development of Hu Shih 's own understanding,Hu Shih 's exposition and interpretation of the basic issues of nationalistic transformation experienced a complicated and profound evolution.In terms of the constructs of nationalistic transformation,from "modern national" to "modern people" finally formed the reform purpose of "sound individualism"."Sound individualism" is the value base point and goal destination of Hu Shih'snationalistic transformation thought.It requires that a person with sound independent personality should have two characteristics:first,he should"have free will";second,he should "be responsible".In terms of reform means,the development process from "single determinism" to "two-way interaction theory" has finally formed a "system first" two-way interactive nationalistic transformation approach Two-way interactive transformation includes two aspects:the transformation of people mainly in educational literature and the transformation of system mainly in democratic system.It focuses on the "democratic" foundation,"human rights" core,"constitutional"essence,"rule of law" representation,"progressive improvement" process and "individual rights and freedoms" purpose.At the same time,Hu Shih criticized the conservative reform path represented by Liang shuming and the radical reform path represented by Chen Duxiu."Nationalistic transformation problem" is fundamentally "human modernization problem",involving two key themes:first,the ""National Sublimation" and "Individual Sublimation" problems on national transformation are "Collectivism" and "individualism " problems on "human modernization" in nature;Secondly,the "one way"and "two ways" of nationalistic transformation are essentially the relationship between"human modernization" and "social modernization".Hu Shih'snationalistic transformation thought makes"sound individualism" as the point,"two-way interaction"as the path,implementing the reflection onthe collectivism and individualism,and the balance of the country modernization and human modernization.However,due to the influence of historical environment and other factors,Hu Shih'snationalistic transformation thought has certain limitations,which are reflected in the dilemma between modernity and the establishment of a modern nation-state extemally.Modem China face modernity and establishing national double tasks.Hu Shih introduce liberal thought,consciously or unconsciously,into the national consciousness.On the one hand,to promote his personal value,trying to liberation of personality,on the other hand,in the era of establishing national task,practice more emphasize on protecting the family and country.The dilemma of both cause the fail of Hu Shih'snationalistic transformation thought.Internal aspects of the limitation is its problems of Chinese liberalism,such as freedom,equality and democracy are introduced from the west,not China;Chinese bourgeoisie is weak;The reform mode is characterized by criticism and weak constructiveness.Experimentalism has its own internal limits and so on.At present,the modernization of the Chinese people has not yet been completed,and there is still a trace of the nation's bad habits.Based on the analysis of the current situation of Chinese people's modernization and the comprehensive interpretation of hu shi's nationalistic transformation thought,and based on the current education practice in China,a civic education concept based on the sound independent personality should become the focus of future educational theoretical research and practical exploration.