Research On Chinese Public Opinion Society From The Perspective Of Field Theory

The concept of "field" has been closely related to the research of public opinion since Lippmann,Koffka,Lewin et al.Pierre Bourdieu,a French sociologist,is recognized as the master of field theory.He creatively applied field theory to the observation and analysis of media phenomena.In addition,Bourdieu's cultural reproduction theory is also of great help to the research of public opinion.The combination of field theory and cultural reproduction theory can be used to analyze the possible reconstruction effect of public opinion on society.In recent years,with the changes of many factors in China's public opinion field,the role of public opinion in the country and society has become more and more obvious,and its transformative role in society has become more and more intense.With this change,public opinion,as a phenomenon of social expression,began to break through the original influence range and play a constructive role in the social form,and the public opinion society,as a highly developed social form of public opinion,gradually came into being.Referring to Daniel bell's definition of post-industrial society,this paper formulates the index system of the formation of the public opinion society in China,and studies the time node of the formation of the public opinion society in China.Then,the paper discusses the core elements in the formation process of the public opinion society,the operation mechanism of the public opinion society,the relationship structure of the public opinion society and the public opinion governance in the public opinion society,and Outlines a future picture for the public opinion society,specifically including:1.The indicator system formed by the public opinion societyThe society of public opinion is a new social form in theory,the formation of a social form is bound to conform to a series of index characteristics,and through these index characteristics and the formation of public opinion society before the society of obvious distinction.According to bell's definition of post-industrial society,this paper also developed an index system for the formation of China's public opinion society,which is as follows:(1)the structure of public opinion:from"propaganda" to"communication",that is,from the traditional mainstream media-dominated"propaganda framework" to the"communication framework" with the participation of social members;(2)the subject of public opinion:from "unit" to "multiple",that is,the discourse power in the public opinion field gradually changes from the previous "elitist"to "civilian",and the universal participation of all the staff by technical means becomes the new subject feature;(3)influence of public opinion:from "social reflection" to"social construction",that is,public opinion,with its unique production chain and operation mechanism,reconstructs the organization,circle and communication mode of the society.Public opinion has become a distinct label of the society.(4)public opinion efficiency:from "periodic application" to "whole-process empowerment",that is,public opinion empowerment becomes the whole-process driving force of social development,and public opinion becomes a regular means to promote social reform.After defining the index system,this paper studies the time when these indicators were formed,and finally proposes that China officially entered the public opinion society in 2015-2016.2.The core elements of the public opinion societyThis should include the elements of the public opinion field in the formation of the public opinion society and the elements after the formation of the public opinion society.The formation of the public opinion society is closely related to the change of the public opinion field.Once the public opinion society is formed in the realistic society,it will contain many realistic elements.After sorting out,this paper discusses the changes of field factors and the formation of public opinion society from three aspects of technological change,commercial capital and information elements,and Outlines the close relationship between each factor and the formation of public opinion society.3.Operation mechanism of public opinion societyOnce the social form is formed,it is bound to run.As a subcultural social form,the public opinion society also has its own operating mechanism compared with other macroscopic social forms.A social form must have corresponding productive forces and production relations,as well as economic foundation and superstructure.As a social form,the public opinion society is no exception.Media technology is the core productive force in the society of public opinion.In the context of social governance,the main and guest exchanges constitute the operating mechanism of the public opinion society.4.Relationship structure in public opinion societyThe public opinion society is connected by the media and does not center on one end of the media.This decentralized and divergent relationship,which starts from the media but is not completely media-centered,has become a typical feature of the relations of production in the public opinion society.Relationship means power,relationship means status.At this time,media empowerment is particularly important in the relationships that are extended by media.This coincides with the power of capital in Bourdieu's field theory.Therefore,this paper,from the perspective of media empowerment,examines the relations between media and media,between media and people,and between media and society in the public opinion society,and finds that the relations have changed significantly compared with the former public opinion society.5.Public opinion governance in the public opinion societyPublic opinion governance has not been promoted as a formal governance concept at the national level.In the resolution of the fourth plenary session of the 19th central committee of the communist party of China on national governance and social governance,public opinion governance is still embodied in the guidance mechanism of public opinion.However,in the academic level,the governance of public opinion is not a new formulation,especially in the network media environment,there are many articles on the governance of network public opinion.In the society of public opinion,it seems more necessary to reintroduce the governance of public opinion around the governance of public opinion society,and it has a strong reality.This paper regards public opinion governance as the governance means of public opinion society,compares it with other means in the national governance system,and puts forward the differences between "public opinion governance" and "govern public opinion" in the aspects of subject and object,time of emergence,governance means and governance purposes.In addition,this paper makes a special discussion on the financial media center at all levels as an innovative entity institution of public opinion governance in the public opinion society,and taking the financial media center at the county level as an example,expounds the great significance of constructing the mainstream public opinion field at the grassroots level for promoting the social governance of public opinion at the grassroots level.6.Future prospect of public opinion societyThe public opinion society has arrived,from the constituent elements to the operating mechanism,from the relationship structure to the public opinion governance,the outline of the public opinion society is gradually clear.What kind of scene will the public opinion society present in the future?This paper will combine the industry and academic experts on the future public opinion development,technological development,social development and other aspects of the forecast,combined with the future public opinion field may appear changes,try to draw a picture of the future of public opinion society.Specifically,this paper argues that the future of social public opinion will present a significant change in four aspects,respectively is intelligent transmission will become the main characteristic of social public opinion,flattening mechanism will be dominated by the running of the society,public opinion "physical presence" become the new direction of the structure of social relations of public opinion,public opinion management will enter a country the core management system.