Study On Professional Identity Of Journalists In The Period Of Media Transformation

Identity is the recognition of self-identity,which is shaped in society and centered on self-orientation.Professional identity is the reflection of identity in the field of occupation.In the society with the characteristics of globalization,information and networking,the problem of the individual’s professional identity crisis is becoming more and more prominent.As far as the media industry in our country,because of the system transition and the media transformation and the communication of the diversity of the main body under the technical empowerment,the professional journalists have not been able to maintain their jurisdiction over this occupation,and the journalism industry has entered the process of "de-specialization".Under this background,a number of journalists are strongly separated or transformed,while many journalists in the post claim to be "news migrant workers",and the professional identity crisis is serious.The professional identity of the journalists can not only influence their news practice and reporting style,but also influence the social function of the media and the realization of the organizational goals.On the basis of this,this research puts forward the subject of professional identity of journalists and carries on the systematic research.With Constructivism Theory and the Field Theory originated from Pierre Bourdieu,a famous French sociologist,this paper is divided into two parts to discuss this topic.The first part is composed of chapters Two,Three,Four and Five,which mainly analyzes the theoretical basis of professional identity of journalists,the present situation of professional identity,the causes and the consequences of professional identity crisis from the theoretical level.The second part is composed of chapters Six,Seven and eight.With the combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods,this paper develops the scale of Professional Identity of Journalists,and makes a systematic study on the present situation and influence effect model of professional identity of journalists,and then make suggestions on the promotion of the professional identity of the journalists.Chapter nine summarizes the full text and puts forward the prospect of the study.The professionalization of news is a process of continuous construction,which is the prerequisite basis for discussing professional identity.The development of commercial newspapers,the emergence of full-time journalists,the formation of professional groups,the formation of the standard of information ethics and the initiation of journalism professional education have explored the development of the professionalization of journalism in our country.Different from paying attention to occupational groups,ethical norms and other professional organizational forms in isolation,vocational sociology emphasizes the "jurisdiction" of each profession over certain work in this field,and professionalization is realized in the conflict of jurisdiction boundary between different occupations.From the point of view of vocational sociology,the characteristics of journalism profession are as follows:low specialization,wide range of radiation,strong dependence on technology and information sources.The depression of journalism leads to the decline of the treatment of journalists,the limitation of personal development space,and the crisis of journalism,which leads to the crisis of professional identity of journalists.The crisis is mainly reflected in the social identity crisis from the "king of the corona" to the "fire prevention and theft prevention and prevention reporter",the personal identity crisis of multi-role conflict and the self-identification crisis from the intellectual to "the news migrant workers".Based on Bourdieu’s"field theory",this paper mainly analyzes the influencing factors of the professional identity crisis of news practitioners from economy and technology,which are embodied as follows:the updated technology has led journalists to feel that they are at a low level of skill,the diversity of the transmitter causes the living space of the journalists to be small,complete marketization restricts the development of journalism,"unequal pay for work of equal value" leads to a "sense of relative deprivation".On the basis of in-depth interview,the text data of professional identity of journalists are obtained,and the initial questionnaire of professional identity of journalists is compiled by using rooted theoretical qualitative research methods through open coding,spindle coding and selective coding.After pre-investigation and formal investigation,questionnaire survey is used to obtain empirical research data,and SPSS and Amos statistical software are used for data processing and management.Finally,the journalist Professional identity scale,which has good reliability and validity,is developed.The scale is composed of 23 items,which is a second-order five-factor structural dimension.The five dimensions are:professional emotion,role values,professional values,professional ability and professional belief.Using this scale to examine the status of professional identity of journalists in the media transition period,we found that the overall professional identity of journalists level is lower(3.10).The professional identity of the journalist is affected by the individual background variables such as sex,age,length of service,income,post,authorized strength,media type and so on,and the professional stress has a significant negative effect on its professional identity.Self-efficacy has a significant positive impact on professional identity,and the professional identity of journalists has a significant positive impact on turnover intention.The professional stress of journalists has a significant negative impact on their turnover intention,and indirectly affects their turnover intention through professional identity,which is the intermediary variable of job stress affecting turnover intention.On the basis of empirical research,the following suggestions are put forward for improving the professional identity of journalists:enhancing job satisfaction and reducing work pressure;Improve the matching degree of human position and improve the sense of professional self-efficacy;Implement differentiated management and pay attention to the professional development of journalists.This study has been developed and innovated in the following aspects:Firstly,it deepens the research field of the main body of news communication and expands the professional field of professional identity research.Secondly,the Professional Identity scale of Journalists,which is accord with the requirements of surveying,has been developed for the first time.Thirdly,this paper empirically studies the present situation of professional identity of journalists in China in the period of media transformation,and reveals the characteristics of professional identity of journalists in individual background variables in China.Fourthly,it reveals the relationship and influence mechanism among journalists’professional stress and self-efficacy,professional identity and turnover intention,and initially constructs the integration model of the influence effect of journalists’professional identity.