| Industry is the leading force of the national economy and the cornerstone of the economic development of the industrialized countries,and is crucial for promoting economic development and enhancing national competitiveness.After the outbreak of the "financial crisis",the world powers returned to manufacturing,and developed countries such as the United States,Britain and Germany launched the strategy of "reindustrialization" and"industry 4.0",which inspired and led a new round of "industrial revolution".All of above policies demonstrated the determination of the leading powers to reinvigorate the industrial and real economy to enhance their competitive advantage,and affirmed the decisive influence of industrial development on the status of major powers in the world economy and competitive landscape.Although developed countries such as the United States and Europe have completed industrialization,the service industry dominates the industrial structure,but a new round of "industrial revolution" will inevitably break the original paradigm and affect the national economy of all countries,resulting in drastic changes in the global competition pattern.Therefore,for developing countries such as China,how to seize the opportunity,in a wave of science and technology competitiveness,realize to catch up with developed countries,is particularly critical.Since the reform and opening up,China's industry has made great progress.In 2010,the added value of its manufacturing industry surpassed that of the United States,and became the largest manufacturing country in the world,becoming a veritable "workshop of the world".The overall strength of the industry cannot be ignored in the international market.However,China has not yet completed its industrialization,and its international competitiveness is significantly weaker than the established industrial powers such as the US and Europe.One fundamental reason is that China's industrial development dynamics is insufficient,which directly affects the promoting effect of industrial development to the national economy and determines its status in international competition.In 2015,China advanced to the end of the industrial period and presented new industrial features,but the level of industrial development still unbalanced with the growing growth of individuals'needs,the demands of moderately prosperous society and modernization.One important embodiment is the disequilibrium of virtual economy development and real economy development,and insufficient supply of high-quality real economy.In particular,there is a structural imbalance between the industry and the service industry,and the overall economy has a tendency to be " shifting from real economy to virtual economy ",which ignores the high speed and the quality of the industrial sector,leading to uneven between the supply and demand of the real economy.Then the imbalance between the industry and the service industry,which is unfavorable for the national economy and the competitiveness of the country.In accordance with the "Made in China 2025" plan,therefore,China should attach great importance to the industrial development from the strategic level,in order to enhance the level of industrial competitiveness,which gives full play to the industrial development and the overall competitiveness of strategic effect on economic growth.Under the background of new wave of the industrial revolution,and based on the framework of structural transformations,economic growth and competitive advantage theory,this paper is trying to systematically and comprehensively explore the strategic effect of the industrial development of the great powers,revealing the impact of industrial development on economic growth and competitiveness,and further explore the macro factors that determine the development of the great countries.In summary,with the combination of competitiveness,economic growth theory and the realistic background of industrial structure transformation,this paper studies the strategic effect of industrial development of large countries from two dimensions,which are national competitiveness at the macro level and micro level of export quality,and then examines its impact mechanism on industrial development from two dimensions of system quality and financial structure.Unlike the existing literatures,this paper firstly deduces the dynamic changes of the industry and service industry on economic growth mechanism through the two sector growth theory model,proving that industrial development affect on economic growth and the impact of national competitiveness.Then,this paper builds an index system that uses the relevant data to measure the overall industrial competitiveness which objectively and scientifically evaluate power industry development level,and apply industrial competitiveness index to industrial development and its empirical study of the determinants of strategic effect.Based on theoretical model and empirical test,this paper studies the strategic effect of industrial development and the key factors affecting industrial development.The main contents of this paper can be divided into three parts:The first part is based on both on competitiveness,the industrial structure transformation and industrial development researches,theoretically discusses the industrial development in the national economy and the overall competitiveness of a country,laid the theoretical basis of the full text(The first chapter and second chapter).The first chapter is a summary of the relevant concepts and a review of the literature.This chapter comprehensively reviews and sorts out the existing theoretical research on competitiveness,structural transformation and economic growth and industrial development,and makes clear the concept of national competitiveness and industrial competitiveness.The second chapter is the theoretica framework between industry and structural transformation.From the perspective of the integration of industry and service industry,this part builds the economic growth model of the two sectors and examines the impact of the changes in the scale of industry and service sectors on economic growth.The second part is calculated to measure power industry development level of the overall competitiveness(NICC)index,from the national level of national competitiveness and product level of export quality two dimensions,empirically the industrial development strategy of power effect(The third chapter,fourth and fifth chapter).This part,especially the fourth and fifth chapters,is the core of the whole article.First,the third chapter measures the industrial competitiveness(NICC)index,and uses the index to evaluate and analyze the change trend of industrial competitiveness of 42 countries in the world from 2000 to 2014.Second,the fourth chapter deeply analyzes the relationships among industrial development,the change of structure and national competitiveness.Then revealing the industrial development of the mechanism on national competitiveness,using the 2000-2014 panel data of 42 countries by means of static panel and dynamic panel models,empirically testing the strategy effect of industrial development on the country's competitiveness.Third,the fifth chapter analyzes the influence of industrial development of export quality,first elaborating the impact of industrial development on the quality of export mechanism and putting forward the theoretical hypotheses,and then using the panel data of 42 countries during the period of 2000-2014 to empirically verify the relationship between industrial development and export quality.The third part examines the decisive factors of industrial development from the perspective of institutional quality and financial structure,which is the key content of this paper as well(The sixth and seventh chapter).Among them:the sixth chapter discusses the relationship between institutional quality and industrial development,this chapter first theoretically clarifies the direct and indirect effects of institutional quality on industrial development and puts forward the theoretical hypotheses,then uses the 2000-2014 panel data of 42 countries,empirically testing the influence of system of the quality on industrial development;The seventh chapter is to study the impacts of the financial systructure on industrial development,this chapter firstly from the financial development and financial structure of the financial system analyzes the impacts on the industrial development and puts forward the research hypotheses,then uses the 2000-2014 panel data of 42 countries to build the fixed effects and the panel quantile regression models and dynamic panel testing hypotheses,finally calculates the financial structure "gap",further exploring the impact of deviation degree between actual financial structure and the optimal financial structure on a country's industrial development.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:First,the industrial development has a significant strategic effect on national competitiveness.First,according to the two-sector model between the industrial sector and service sector,in the process of the dynamic change of the promotion of the position of industry in the national economy contributes to promoting economic growth and national competitiveness,and the increase of promoting effect of industrial sector on economic growth and national competitiveness is stronger than the service sector.Second,on the whole,industrial development has a significant positive effect on the competitive advantages of big powers,however,the interactive items of competitiveness of industrial and service industries have a significant negative impact on the national competitive advantage,which means a good coordination mechanism is absent,then the improvement of the service industry's development level is not conducive to the improvement of the national competitiveness;for developed countries,industrial competitiveness and its interaction with service competitiveness have a significant positive effect on national competitiveness;however,for developing countries,only the development of service industry is playing a positive role in the competitiveness of the major countries,and the service industry does not have a good interactive mechanism with industry.The results suggested that a "development dilemma":developing countries have invested too much resources in the development of service industries,but can not strengthen the foundation role of industrial sector on national competitive advantage.Second,the industrial development has a significant positive effect on the export quality at the micro-product level.The result shows that industrial development has a direct and significant positive effect on export quality.Meanwhile,the indirect mechanism that the level of industrial development affects export quality is reflected in its significant adjustment to the mechanism of the interaction between foreign direct investment,human capital investment and export quality.The mechanism of industrial development affecting the quality of export products has obvious national effect characteristics.For example,the level of industrial development has always had a significant positive contribution to export quality in developed countries,while the impact on export quality in developing countries has been state dependence or even unstable;among the developed countries,FDI in the countries with higher industrial development contributes more to the quality of exports than those in countries with low levels of industrial development,but the mechanism of human capital has no significant effect;among the developing countries,the role of human capital investment in the countries with higher industrial development level on export quality is greater than the low level of industrial development in the country,and FDI has no obvious effect.Thirdly,institutional quality and financial structure are the important factors that determine the development of a country's industry.On the one hand,in terms of the quality of the system,first of all,the institutional quality has a significant direct impact on the overall development of the industry,and the favorable institutional environment is conducive to the improvement of the industrial competitiveness of a country;Second,institutional quality can regulate the relationship between industrial competitiveness and foreign direct investment,but the regulating effect of the relationship between the industrial competitiveness and technology innovation ability is uncertain;The six dimensions of system quality(global governance index system,WGI)have different impacts on industrial competitiveness of different countries.On the other hand,the empirical research of the financial system has shown that financial development and financial structure can greatly promote the development of industry,with the increase of income level and industrial development,the promotion of the financial market for industrial competitiveness will be reinforced;Financial structure should match the level of a country's industrial development,and with the industrial development the optimal financial structure will experience a dynamic evolution,from leading by the bank to leading by financial market,reaffirmed the role of financial markets in promoting industrial development;Further,the expansion of the "gap" of financial structure is not conducive to industrial development,that is,the larger the actual financial structure deviates from the optimal financial structure,the stronger the hindrance to industrial development.On the basis of theoretical and empirical researches,this paper puts forward several effective policy suggestions on giving full play to the strategic effects of industrial development and promoting the development of industry from four aspects:(1)From strengthening the competitive advantages of industrial enterprises,improving the efficiency of industrial development,and promoting the sustainable development of industry,to build a multi-level industrial overall competitiveness system;(2)attaching importance to the real economy,promoting the coordinated development of industry and service industries,and paying close attention to the national effects of industrial development in promoting the quality of exports;(3)in the dynamic development process of institution,choosing the right path to create a favorable institutional environment for industrial development;(4)grasping the dynamic evolution of the financial structure,improving and perfecting the financial system,and seeking the optimal financial structure suitable for industrial development. |
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