Moderate Scale Of Agricultural Land Management And Its Realization Mechanism In Heilongjiang Province

Moderate scale management of agricultural land is an important embodiment and application of the concept of agricultural modernization.As the country's major grain producing areas and commodity grain base,Heilongjiang province has rich land resources."The two plain" is the only pilot area that involved in big adjustment of agricultural production relations and reform of modem agriculture comprehensive reform,which possess an apparent advantages of cultivated land resource endowment and policy in developing moderate scale management agricultural land.Through investigation of Heilongjiang province farmland,there are some problems such as simultaneous existence of super small-scale farmers and blind expansion,the decoupling of the management scale and the efficiency of agricultural production.Against this background,taking Heilongjiang Province as the study area to explore the modest scale of agricultural land management and its realization mechanism,in order to provide guidance and reference in the improvement of land production efficiency,solving of the "three rural issues" and accelerating of the pace of modern agriculture construction.This paper achieves sample survey and typical case through the field investigation of farmers' farmland operating conditions and agricultural land scale operators generation and development in Heilongjiang province,then analyzes on the degree of moderate scale of agricultural land management,the factors influencing the decision of agricultural land management scale and realization mechanism of agricultural land moderate scale management.In the aspect of theoretical research:First,analyzes the operating mechanism of agricultural land scale operators generation and organization based on Institutional Change Theory,Transaction Cost Theory,Game Theory,and then compare and analyze different types of farmland moderate scale operators',forming mechanism,evolution path and cultivating environment to conclude a general law.Second,Based on Michael-Potter diamond model,this paper analyzed the realistic conditions to boost the moderate scale management,depending on the type of farmland moderate scale operators to divide implementation path of farmland moderate scale management,analysis the "environmental adaptability" of implementation path from the aspects of social and economic conditions and the cultivated land resource endowment to improve the county unit of agricultural land to select the scale of the path of choice.Third,by combining the field research with the results of this paper,build a system of driving mechanism of farmland moderate scale management which includes supporting systems,policy support and institutional guarantee.In the aspect of empirical research:First,the paper use DEA method to measure the relative efficiency of corn and rice management scale by the input and output data of the planting scale of maize and rice,combined with the analysis of the production frontier projection,to determine the corn and rice planting agricultural land management moderate scale.Second,use the factor analysis and Logistic regression analysis of quantitative to analyze the impact of farmers' willingness to change the agricultural land scale management.Third,to analyze the social and economic conditions,the spatial distribution pattern and spatial heterogeneity of cultivated land resources by using the method of exploratory spatial data analysis.Then,the relative advantage of the moderate scale management of agricultural land in the study area was extracted by the method of grey correlation analysis.Last,determines the regional agricultural land moderate scale management reference path in county units.In this paper,we obtain the follow conclusions.First,through analyzing the study of the area of agricultural land scale operation case,we found that the external environment change of the implementation of the national agricultural subsidy policy and the internal needs that farmers expect to reduce transaction costs produce the external and internal force to the traditional agricultural production mode,which break the traditional mode of agricultural production.Then the subjects provide feedback to the environment changes based on their own abundant resources.Dominant subjects have evolved into the village collective push cooperative,the "elite" collage cooperative,and the family farm and so on.Second,the village collective push cooperative and the "elite" collage cooperative has experienced by the loose strength of the joint organization to the compact strong combination of evolution.Its essence is that the organizational members of residual claims are racing to control with the redistribution of residual claims process.Third,the results analysis of relative efficiency and front projection of sample farmer's maize and rice planting indicate that there is no simple linear relationship between the scale and relative efficiency of cultivated land between maize and rice,but the inverted "U" relationship.Under the current level of productivity,the moderate scale of agricultural land operation of corn planting is(136,145],(166,190]and(200,400].The moderate scale operation range of rice cultivated land is(100,111]and(141,160].Fourth,Corn,rice cultivation of farmland moderate management of the "threshold"scale is 136 acres,100 acres.However,the research found that the current average agricultural land scale farmers' corn and rice planting are 53.34 and 50.01 acres,which less than the respective land moderate scale operation scale threshold.Fifth,the regression results of factors affecting rural land management scale decision indicate household operation characteristics,land resources and importance of agricultural production are clearly affecting farmers' willingness to scale up their agricultural operations,but have significant negative impact on farmers' willingness to scale down their agricultural operations.The level of farmers' social security and the environment of agricultural land circulation are clearly affecting farmers' willingness to scale up their agricultural operations,but have no significant effect on choice behavior of reducing the scale of farming.Labor resources,geographic conditions and land scale are not significant correlation with the choice behavior of farmers'behavior selection.Sixth,the probe space data analysis shows that social economic development level and cultivated land resource endowment are significant different in geographical,which demonstrate that path selection of farmland moderate scale management should be adapted to local conditions.Cohesion and matching the relative superiority degree on social and economic conditions,the endowment of cultivated resources of each county unit with "environmental adaptability" of realization path of farmland moderate scale management to determine the county area unit to achieve a modest scale of agricultural land management reference path.The results show that Baiquan County and other 15 counties are suitable for relying on agricultural enterprise path,Fuyu county and other 14 counties suitable for relying on cooperative path,,A Cheng district research units are suitable for agricultural enterprises,cooperatives,family farm path.Seventh,this paper constructs the promotion mechanism of moderately scale management of farmland from the aspects of supporting system,policy support and system guarantee,including perfecting the system of cultivating the main scale of farmland,improving the socialized service system of agriculture,constructing the policy support system of farmland scale management,establish the land financing mechanism with the land bank as the platform,strengthen the management mechanism of the comprehensive management of the land,and construct the mechanism of the risk management of the scale of the agricultural land.