Research On Rural Land Transfer Model And Its Optimization Countermeasures In Heilongjiang Province

Under the condition of modern market economy,the degree of economic development and the speed of economic development in a region are objectively determined by the optimal allocation of production factors.Land transfer is an effective way to optimize the allocation of rural land resources.In order to adapt to the development of modern agriculture and land moderate scale management,according to the characteristics of the region's economic development level and the area of land circulation mode constantly explore innovative,eventually forming some successful cases or land circulation is a typical model,but these models have their own characteristics,scope of application,the formation of some of the special conditions,etc.,and is not suitable for large area promotion.This article selects in heilongjiang province as research district,combining field investigation and statistical data query,based on the data of a large number of peasant household survey and statistical data,according to the intervention of the economic subject,the study of the main land circulation mode,using the factor analysis method,analysis the present situation of the different land circulation model characteristics,build based on the characteristics of different land circulation model performance evaluation index system,in the form of a performance measure research area of farmers,rural areas and agriculture response to the different land circulation model,using the menstruation analysis method,build different models to optimize the land circulation mode,This paper analyzes the driving factors from the perspective of improving the performance of the mode,looks for the breakthrough points of each mode development,provides optimization Suggestions,and forms optimization policies an d measures,so as to better drive the income increase of farmers,rural development and agricultural efficiency in the region under the background of promoting rural revitalization and within its applicable scope.The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)Concept definition and pattern classification.On the basis of defining the concept of characteristics in the study of the characteristics of agriculture and agricultural production in heilongjiang province Angle and the analysis of the research achievements of predecessors,based on the intervention of the different operators in the circulation,land circulation patterns in heilongjiang province can be divided into four kinds: dispersed flow pattern,the planting large family farm flow model,cooperative flow mode and the enterprise flow model.(2)Qualitative analysis of the characteristics of the model.On the basis of household survey and statistical data,qualitative analysis of the status quo and characteristics of major land transfer modes in heilongjiang province from a macro perspective:The main advantages of decentralized circulation mode are simple structure,convenient operation,strong flexibility,easy access to information,stable ownership of rights,direct improvement of agricultural production,low transaction cost,strong adaptability and wide application range.Disadvantages include low structural stability,insignificant income growth,weak ability to allocate resources,small energy efficiency in large-scale operation,low efficiency in agricultural operation,low production organization capacity,low ability in technology investment and promotion,and poor social security.The transfer mode of large family farms has certain energy efficiency on the scale and intensification of grain production,can effectively improve the land use efficiency and unit output rate,and can partially drive the energy efficiency of surrounding areas,and has good market competitiveness.The main disadvantages are low capital reserve and financing capacity,long-term insufficient basic investment,unbalanced development between regions and huge differences in business scale,resulting in uneven returns,and relatively weak resistance to natural risks.Cooperative circulation mode can combine production,processing and sales,promote the maximization of commodity rate of agricultural products,realize order-oriented agriculture,and adapt to appropriate scale operation.Compared with the previous two circulation modes,it is relatively abundant in capital and has strong driving force and labor productivity.Contribute to the creation of brand agriculture,informatization,standardization and specialization of modern agriculture;However,it also has some shortcomings.Its organizational d evelopment is small in scale and the quality of its members is not high,resulting in irregular internal operation.At the same time,external forces are more involved,and there are also problems such as unclear property rights and income distribution methods.The circulation mode of enterprises organically combines land,technology,processing,sales and capital,solves the technical and financial problems in the large-scale operation of land circulation,and the sales and processing problems of large-scale production,which can effectively improve the value-added chain of agricultural products,and has a considerable scale and the processing and storage capacity of agricultural products.The problem is that the development of heilongjiang enterprises is still in the initial stage,and the complex coordination of land transfer leads to the increase of operating costs.At the same time,these enterprises have absolute advantages in the process of land transfer,while farmers and cooperatives are in a weak po sition.Because of asymmetric information and the limited sharing of farmers' or cooperatives' profits after childbirth,both sides can break the treaty when the market fluctuates.Therefore,there is a particular need for legal regulation of both parties.(3)Quantitative analysis of model formation factors.Factor analysis was used to select factors from both internal factors and external factors,and to analyze the formation factors of different flow patterns.Each mode has a similar common factor common factor is also different from each other,a total of 9 kinds of common factor after cross comparison,respectively is: individual farmers characteristics factor,farmer characteristics factor,migrant workers ability factor,deposit characteristics factor,labor resource endowment characteristics factor,resources factor,land circulation market characteristics of agricultural production factor,location factor and agricultural information channel characteristics factor.(4)Model performance analysis.With comprehensive index method to calculate the performance of the different land circulation model in heilongjiang province,to analyze economic increase in rural incomes,rural land circulation pattern on the change of life and agriculture into the effect of production resources,can be seen from the results,planting large family farm flow pattern performance value > cooperative flow model performance value > business flow performance value > dispersed flow pattern performance.It can be seen from the overall performance value that the transfer model of large family farms has the highest performance,while the decentralized transfer model has the lowest performance.(5)Pattern optimization.Taking the performance as the carrier of the model,the path analy sis method was used to construct the land transfer optimization model to achieve the purpose of model optimization from the perspective of performance improvement.The optimization direction of decentralized transfer mode is to improve the performance whil e giving consideration to the more optimized development of the mode.This mode is only an initial transition mode of land transfer.The optimization direction of the transfer mode of large family farms is to seek a better mode of scale development and cost reduction while maintaining the current scale and performance level.Blindly expanding the scale or changing the transfer mode is not the best choice.The optimization direction of cooperative circulation mode is to establish a better performance mode of agricultural branding by giving play to its own scale,capital and personnel advantages under the premise of controlling the development of scale.The optimization direction of enterprise circulation mode is to expand the enterprise scale,expand the radiation area,increase the audience group,and improve the competitiveness of agricultural industry.(6)Optimize policies and measures.Four patterns based on the optimized operation mode,optimizing countermeasures to promote security model,including promoting rural surplus labor transfer,raising farmers' operation ability and the ability to transfer employment crack agricultural scale operation,the main body of fund shortage problem,to strengthen the construction of circulation of the legal system,perfecting the rural social security system and so on countermeasure,for the optimization of land circulation mode feasible implementation suggestion.