Study On The Scale Planting Efficiency Of Rice In Main Grain-producing Areas Of China

The issue of grain scale planting efficiency is one of the new and persistent hot topics in agricultural economics research.With the change of internal and external environment in the development of agriculture in China,moderate scale management in various forms dominated by new agricultural operators has gradually become an inevitable choice for China's agricultural modernization.That is to say,in the future development of China's agriculture,whether it is to maintain household contract or to promote the transfer of agricultural land,largescale management is an inevitable trend.Improving the efficiency of grain scale planting is of great practical significance to China's grain production capacity,international competitiveness of grain industry and even national food security.The research on the evolutionary relationship between grain scale and efficiency and the way of synergistic promotion will also help to improve the theory of scale economy and grain production efficiency.However,the current domestic research on grain scale planting efficiency has some practical problems,such as emphasizing technology over theory,emphasizing calculation over mechanism.To a certain extent,it has affected the deepening research and practical guiding significance of the theory of grain scale planting efficiency.Based on the theories of scale economy,transaction cost,scale reward and externality,this paper makes a theoretical analysis and path construction on the mechanism of grain scale planting and its efficiency improvement.Firstly,this paper deconstructs and analyses the macro and micro production cost of grain production in China,including the general cost of the main grain producing areas,the production cost of the major grain planters,and the total cost of the major grain planters.The above cost is analyzed from the comparative perspective at home and abroad.It is found that the production cost of grain in China has increased significantly since 2012,and the growth rate and absolute amount of grain cost in China are far higher than those of the same kind in the world.It is found that the labor cost,material and service cost and land cost in China's grain production are higher than those in the United States and European Union countries,which indicates that China should strengthen the construction of grain production capacity and international competitiveness,focusing on the improvement of resource allocation efficiency and technical efficiency of grain scale production.Then,based on the externality and life cycle theory of grain scale production,the complete cost of grain scale planting is proposed and estimated.Further,according to the connotation of full cost,the characteristics of subject and object,and the principle of benefit equivalence,the cost sharing mechanism of grain scale planting was constructed.It is found that the decisionmaking basis of farmers' behavior is not the accounting cost and absolute cost,but the total cost,including opportunity cost and relative cost,plays a decisive role.Therefore,this paper argues that in order to improve farmers' enthusiasm and scale operation efficiency,it is necessary not only to improve the absolute and comparative benefits of grain production,but also to establish a complete cost-sharing mechanism.Secondly,through the survey data,it clarifies the Realistic Plight and psychological appeals faced by the farmers of scale planting.It is found that the improvement of grain scale planting efficiency is confronted with both endogenous and exogenous resistance,which is mainly manifested in the low degree of marketization of agricultural factors and the low policy performance,which leads to the excessive production cost and transaction cost of grain scale.From the analysis of cost composition,agricultural division of labor and socialized services,it is found that family farms can realize internalized transaction costs,but it is difficult to internalize external risks and institutional costs.Thirdly,the empirical analysis part mainly analyzes the macro panel data and micro survey data.In addition to the statistical yearbook data,the data used in the macro-analysis also innovatively added the variables of different scale grain-growing households,the number of migrant workers,the area of cultivated grain used in the transferred cultivated land and the amount of financial subsidy,which are helpful to measure the grain-scale planting in the target provinces,and more accurately reflected the research in this paper.The relationship between grain size and efficiency.Spatial efficiency decomposition of production efficiency in 13 major grain-producing provinces was carried out,and the influencing factors of efficiency heterogeneity were analyzed by regression analysis.Finally,the most important is the empirical analysis based on the data of 632 grain-growing households in Sichuan and Hunan provinces.The DEA model was used to analyze the scale and efficiency of family farms in Hunan Province,the factors affecting the efficiency of scale planting,and the appropriate scale interval under different regional differences.On the basis of comparing macro and micro factors of grain scale planting efficiency,the mechanism of grain scale planting efficiency evolution was further explored.Finally,the path and policy suggestions for improving grain scale efficiency were put forward.On the whole,the research ideas of this paper can be divided into raising,analyzing and solving problems,with the grain scale planting efficiency and its evolution mechanism as two core parts in the main grain producing areas.The main structural framework of the paper can be divided into three parts: the first part is the basic theoretical research.The main purpose is to clarify the boundaries of the research object and its core theory,and to pave the way for further research.The main contents are Chapter I and Chapter II.The second part is the empirical study.The main contents include third to sixth chapters.Thirdly,the mechanism of grain scale planting efficiency improvement and policy recommendations,including Chapter VII and Chapter VIII.