Research On The Fit Relationship Between The Node And Structure In Collaborative Innovation Project Governance Network

Innovation has become the core driving force to promote the transformation of national economic structure and the upgrading of industrial structure.Nowadays,the complexity,uncertainty and cross-cutting convergence of technological innovation are increasing.The boundaries of innovation activities are becoming more blurred,the boundaries of innovation fields are becoming more open,and the cooperation among different innovation subjects is becoming more diversified.A single innovation subject is constrained by its size limitation,shortage of funds,insufficient research and difficulty in obtaining resources.Therefore it has been difficult to independently assume forward-looking and key technological innovation activities by only relying on traditional linear innovation organization mode.At the same time,the transformation effect of new technology achievements to real productivity in China is not ideal;there is a huge gap between the basic research in the upstream innovation chain and the development of application products in the downstream innovation chain;there is no effective channel for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.These conditions have resulted in the extreme waste of social scientific and technological innovation resources.Hence,it is required to implement a more open,cooperative and shared collaborative innovation mode for improving the innovation efficiency and the transformation rate of scientific and technological achievements effectively.The collaborative innovation mode can realize the common cooperation between the innovation subjects of the vertical dimension's innovation chain and the ones of the horizontal dimension,realize the more efficient allocation of innovative resources,and become an effective mode to bridge the gap between basic research and product development and improve the transformation rate of scientific and technological achievements.Collaborative innovation takes the project form as the main realization carrier.The collaborative innovation project has the characteristics of the network organization of multi-heterogeneous participants working across organizational boundaries and high uncertainty of the innovation process,which makes its governance process more challenging.However,there is currently insufficient research on the governance of collaborative innovation projects,which makes it difficult to provide effective governance for project implementation,resulting in high failure rates due to governance failure.The key reason for the failure of governance of collaborative innovation projects is that the relationship between the participant node("node")and the governance structure("structure")does not fit.Reasonable project governance network can ensure the effectiveness and controllability of the project resource allocation process,and the fit relationship between the node and structure is the basis and prerequisite for the effective operation of the project governance network.The participant node should have sufficient capacity to assume the responsibilities assigned by the governance structure,and the governance structure should ensure that the participant node is provided with reliable and stable resource guarantees to meet its task needs.At present,the collaborative innovation project often only unilaterally attaches importance to the participant node or the governance structure and neglects the fit relationship between them.These conditions will cause governance failures such as the lack of capacity for participant nodes and the inefficient resource supply of the governance structure,which will eventually lead to the failure of collaborative innovation projects.To solve the above problem,this paper conducted research on the fit relationship between the node and structure in collaborative innovation project governance network.The main research contents and conclusions consist of the following 5 parts(1)The concept definition and the analysis of the connotation characteristics in collaborative innovation project governance networkThe keywords "collaboration" and "innovation" in collaborative innovation projects are defined and analyzed in connotation.Collaborative innovation projects are defined as secondary development projects based on the Generic Technology,which are conducted by multiple innovative subjects in a collaborative organization mode.This paper compared collaborative innovation projects respectively with construction engineering projects and traditional innovation projects.As a result,the innovative characteristics in the task dimension and the collaborative characteristics in the organizational dimension in collaborative innovation projects are respectively presented.Project governance network is defined as an information transfer relationship network among project participants formed for innovative resource allocation.This paper presented the graph and matrix expressions of the project governance network and the innovation resource characteristics of each participant node by making characteristic analysis.(2)Research on the internal mechanism of the fit relationship between the node and structure in collaborative innovation project governance networkUnder the research context of the collaborative innovation project governance network,based on the theory of person-organization fit,the internal mechanism of the node-structure fit relationship is revealed from the perspective of network structure.It presented a two-dimensional and two-way complementary fit relationship:Abilities-Demands Fit and Needs-Supplies Fit.The Abilities-Demands Fit is manifested as the fit relationship between the node's abilities and the structure's demands.And the fit relationship dimension is presented in the individual attribute dimension,relationship adaptation dimension,and network structure dimension.When the node has the abilities that meet the role responsibility demands in the three dimensions given by its structure,the node's abilities and the structure's demands are fit.The Needs-Supplies Fit is manifested as the fit relationship between the node's needs and the structure's supplies.When the resource-needs information sent by the node is accurately transferred to other relevant nodes in its structure through the network relationships and the corresponding resource supplies are achieved,the node's needs and the structure's supplies are fit.(3)Research on the construction process of collaborative innovation project governance networkBased on the characteristics of collaborative innovation project governance network,a systematic construction process for the collaborative innovation project governance network is studied,including the establishment of network relationships and the quantification of the network relationship strength.Based on the actual data of collaborative innovation projects including the Work Breakdown Structure(WBS)and the Responsibility Assignment Matrix(RAM),the network relationships among nodes are initially established,and the Snowballing Sampling method is used to modify the network relationships.The influencing factors of relationship strength are first identified from the perspective of influencing the effect of information transfer in the quantification process of network relationship strength.Based on the literature analysis and empirical investigation(Confirmatory Factor Analysis),12 influencing factors are identified,including 4 dimensions:system standard consistency,basis for collaboration,recognition degree of trust and degree of task collaboration.Then the relationship strength is initially quantified by pair comparison of influencing factors,and the coefficient adjustment function is designed to correct the deviation of the relationship strength value based on the Logit function.It also provides accurate network basis for the research of the fit relationship measurement models.(4)The construction of the measurement model of abilities-demands fit relationship between the node and structureBased on the SNA method,the network structure dimension is included in the abilities-demands fit relationship index system.This fit relationship index system includes 11 indicators in 3 dimensions,which are individual attribute dimension,relationship adaptation dimension,and network structure dimension.Based on the index system,the applicable fit relationship quantitative measurement model is designed.Then the difference between the abilities value of the node and the demands value of the structure on the three dimension indicators is calculated by the fit degree measurement method to obtain the fit degree value between the node and structure.The Structural Entropy Weight Method and the Triangular Fuzzy Number Evaluation Method are used to determine the indicator weight value and the node ability value respectively.The application process of the measurement model is systematically presented by two typical collaborative project cases,and the validity of the measurement model is verified by the comparative analysis of the results.(5)The construction of the measurement model of needs-supplies fit relationship between the node and structureThe Needs-Supplies Fit is manifested as the complex dynamic resource-needs information transfer process between the node and structure,and the fit degree value between the node and structure is represented by the final transfer realization effect.Based on this principle,the corresponding quantitative measurement model is designed,including the rules design,the parameters setting,and the simulation design and algorithm implementation.Based on Shannon's information theory,the transfer behavior of resource-needs information among nodes is characterized.The simulation expression of the measurement model is realized by applying Agent-Based Modeling and Simulation(ABMS).The application process of the measurement model in a project case is achieved by using the NetLogo simulation platform.Besides that,it is found that the network structure adjustment strategy can effectively optimize the needs-supplies fit relationship between the node and structure by comparing the results of multiple sets of parallel simulation experiments.The research innovation of this paper is mainly reflected in the following three aspects:First,this paper reveals the internal mechanism and realization path of the fit relationship between the node and structure in collaborative innovation project governance network from the perspective of network structure,in terms of the research status of only valuing project participants or the governance structure itself and overlooking their fit relationship.And it opens the "black box" of the mechanism of person-organization fit relationship in the project context.Besides that,it provides a theoretical basis for correcting the imbalance between the productivity and production relations in the process of collaborative innovation project governance and further expands the theory of project governance and the theory of person-organization fit in the project context.Second,this paper designs and achieves the systematic construction process of collaborative innovation project governance network,based on its characteristics.The quantification method of network relationship strength,including the influence factor recognition of network relationship strength and the process of correcting deviation degree,is specially designed more applicable to the characteristics of governance relationship.This method can improve the accuracy of network construction result effectively,provide a reliable network foundation for the construction of the quantitative measurement model of fit relationship,and further enrich and perfect the theoretical system of the network construction method of collaborative innovation project governance.It also provides accurate network basis for the research of the fit relationship measurement models in this paper.Third,this paper designs and constructs the measurement models of the fit relationship between the node and structure in collaborative innovation project governance network.Based on the two models,it realizes the quantitative measurement of the two fit relationships between the node and structure,which makes up the deficiency of the quantitative measurement of the person-organization fit relationship in the project context,and further expands the theoretical system of the measurement method of fit relationship.The measurement model of abilities-demands fit relationship provides a quantitative decision-making basis for the evaluation and selection of project participants in collaborative innovation projects.The measurement model of needs-supplies fit relationship provides a quantitative decision-making basis for the structure design and optimization process in collaborative innovation project governance network.