| At present,the situation about agriculture export has undergone tremendous changes.Agriculture is Tanzania's economic mainstay,contributing USD 13.9bn to its GDP(nearly 30 per cent)and 67 per cent to total employment during 2014.Also,agricultural land in Tanzania was last measured at 396,500sq.km in 2013(45 per cent of total land area)versus 369,744sq.km in 2008,representing an increase of 7 per cent over the 5 year period.Tanzania's crop production rose by 44 per cent during 2008-2013,beating the Sub-Saharan Africa average crop production growth rate of 18 per cent during the same period,according to the World Bank's(WB)crop production index Basically,Tanzania's main exported cash crops are tobacco,cashew nuts,coffee,tea,cloves,cotton,and sisal.In varying degree,however,the raw tobacco accounts Tanzania's most crucial exported cash crop,amid growing value from USD 169m worth of exports reported during 2010 to USD 318m in 2015.Such value,however,followed by cashew nuts that grew from USD 50m to USD 201m.However,coffee grew from the value of USD 109m to USD 162m in the similar period.In this context,therefore,the major export destinations of the Tanzanian agricultural products such as tobacco are Poland,Russia,and,Germany.As one would expect,however,almost 80 per cent of cashew nuts are exported to Asia(largely India)Additionally,livestock Tanzania's livestock production rose by 33 per during 2008-2013,exceeding the Sub-Saharan Africa average livestock production growth rate of around 11 per cent during the same period,as per the WB's livestock production index.Meat production in Tanzania rose by 33 per cent over the period 2008-2013,from 422,230t to 563,086t,as indicated in the 2014-2015 Annual Report of the Tanzania's Ministry of Agriculture,Food Securities and Development.Out of the total meat production,55 per cent comes from cattle,21 per cent from sheep and goats,14 per cent from pigs,and only 10 per cent from chicken.However,during 2015,Tanzania's Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Development launched the Tanzania Livestock Modernization Initiative(TLMI),which aims to transform the traditional livestock sub-sector into a modern,responsive,sustainable and environmentally-friendly engine for rural development.At the same time,Tanzania agricultural value-addition net output increased by 61 per cent during the period 2009-2014,from USD 8.6bn to USD 13.8bn,exceeding by 5 per cent growth of value-added agricultural output in Sub-Saharan Africa.Currently,agricultural products such as cotton yarn,manufactured coffee,sisal products(yarn and twine),tobacco,as well as wheat flour are among the mostly value-added products in Tanzania.In line with the 2025 Vision of the Ministry of Agriculture,Food and Cooperatives of Tanzania,there should be at least two new products developed from each of the staple crops,horticultural crops,livestock and fisheries by that year.Moreover,Southern Agricultural Growth Corridor of Tanzania(SAGCOT)in 2010 is agricultural partnership designed to improve agricultural productivity,food security and livelihoods in Tanzania,was initiated.During March 2016,however,the WB approved a USD 70m SAGCOT Investment Project to support the agricultural sector of Tanzania and strengthen it by linking smallholder farmers to agribusiness for boosting incomes as well as job-led growth.Additionally,Tanzania Agriculture Development Bank(TADB)was established in 2010 by the government of Tanzania to help in implementing its policies and strategies relating to the agricultural sector.The TADB however,is dedicated to contributing significantly to the development of agriculture in the country through mobilizing financial resources and supporting smallholder farmers with low interest loans to improve agriculture generally and agricultural products exports in particular.More profoundly,agricultural products export sector is becoming extremely larger and more globally focused.The agricultural products export firms therefore began to seek their competitive niches globally.Moreover,the agricultural products export sector involved in a paradox whereas many economically advanced countries have a large and productive export.For that reason,therefore,the developing countries most frequently should use a significant portion of their national economic resources to compete in the export industry.In fact,with the deepening of demand for agricultural products for both food and raw materials,the national economic growth along with the bid toward fighting poverty in the countries agriculture export could help the nation solve this trouble.As mentioned earlier around 65 per cent of working population in Tanzania This part of the households must work harder along with the authority to achieve the national goals.In essence,agricultural products export policy targeted poverty alleviation by increasing farmers' income and national economic growth so as to eliminate rural povertyHowever,there is currently little study on in the on agricultural product export in the recent time.However,this piece of work intends to answer questions such as what are the determinants of agricultural products export in the country?What is the current state agricultural products export?What is the difference in the determinants of sustainable agricultural export?How can the agricultural products export effects of households?As well as what are the main factors that influence agricultural products export in Tanzania?This paper follows the basic research paradigm of "theoretical research-empirical research-policy research",based on the perspective of agribusiness policy performance,along the basic train of thoughts of "sustainable agribusiness performance and growth-sustainable agribusiness multidimensional evaluation-mechanism analysis-sustainable agribusiness countermeasures and suggestions" to research on the sustainable agribusiness policy performance based on the existing data set.The specific performances proceed as followsFirstly,it summarizes theories and literatures related to agricultural product export,selects relevance theories and viewpoints as the theoretical basis of this paper,and at the same time,based on the current actual situation and related theories and practices However,through comprehensive analysis of performance of agribusiness policy system structure the study indicates the basic conditions for achieving sustainable agricultural products export for developing countries,therefore forming the theoretical framework of this study and laying a theoretical foundation for follow-up studySecondly,based on the logical starting point of theoretical analysis framework,this paper investigates the reality of the sustainable agricultural products export performance and its impacts for households in particular and economy in general,and makes an in-depth analysis of the macro and micro obstacles on the factors that influence theagricultural products export for the national development.Thirdly,on this basis,based on the data in agricultural products export,however,an improved sustainable agricultural products export framework is constructed to outline the overall level of agricultural products export and give an overall evaluation of their sustainability.Fourth,under the agricultural products export point of view,the strategy is used as an intermediary to explore the transmission mechanism of agriculture change to sustainable development.Specifically,the gravity model is used to evaluate the changes the factors that influence agricultural products export.Also,and the gravity model is used to measure the impact of variables changes on different agricultural products exports.Fifth,based on the heterogeneity of the agricultural products export in Tanzania,this research systematically analyzes the internal and external factors affecting their sustainability.Also,based on the dual perspectives of sustainability and vulnerability,explores the dynamic mechanism of agricultural products exports and analyzes the key factors affecting the export of some agricultural in TanzaniaThe components of the paper,each part of the research contentThis research consists of altogether the ten(8)Chapters:Chapter One(1)Introduction:Chapter Two(2)Theoretical Basis and Literature Review:Chapter Three(3)Theoretical Framework and Background of the Factors that Influence the Export of Agricultural Products:Chapter Four(4)Research Methodology:Chapter Five(5)Analysis and Diagnosis of the Current Situation on Agricultural Sector in Tanzania Chapter Six(6):Analysis of the factors that Influence the Export of some Agricultural products in Tanzania:Chapter Seven(7)Proposed Solutions to Boost Performance on the Factors that Influence the Export of Agricultural Products in Tanzania by 2025 Chapter Eight(8)Research Conclusion and ProspectFinally,with the strategic goal of building a well-off society in an all-round ways,we propose sustainable and operable sustainable measures toward improving the agricultural product exports in the country.Based on the above analysis,the main conclusions of this paper are as follows1.Agricultural products export is the basis for industrial growth economic development.It is also the necessary prerequisite for obtaining sustainable agriculture prosperity and the breakthrough point of the industrial revolution.Under certain conditions,factors studied about agricultural products export have had significance X contributions in sectors growth.This indicates the need for further improvement on agricultural export market to ensure sustainable growth of the sector.The interaction and availability farms inputs and credits hence is an important manifestation of the sector performance.So the synergies of all factors of involved in the agricultural products export are the key in development of the sector2.The evolution of Tanzania agricultural products export system has significant logical and developmental characteristics.At the macro level,the focus on Tanzania agricultural products export concentrated largely in the overseas market.Therefore,the households from agricultural export market are usually accompanied by the promotion of various types of agricultural export policy development strategies3.The scores of sustainable agricultural products export in connection to technology,interest rate,population,agricultural land areas etc.have significant contributions toward improving the sector.The export intensification on agricultural products export helps the nation to improve output in agriculture.Therefore,the aforementioned factors may have positive effects different agricultural export value chain.The improvement of technology is obvious after the changes in policy guiding agriculture sector.Based on the above conclusions,this stud proposes policy recommendations from various angels in order to provide a useful idea for the optimization of agricultural products export system including increasing investment in agriculture sector especially finance at both government and private sectors.Providing various rules guiding agricultural product export frameworks and launching rules and regulations on the sector to improve prosperity.Fully mobilizing social capital and improving the conversion on agricultural export transformation,improving rural infrastructure etcThe possible innovations of this study mainly include the following aspectsa.Innovation in Research PerspectiveThis paper creatively combines the sustainable policy theory with the sustainable development of development of various strategies in both developing and advanced nations.Based on the agricultural product export and its changes,it explores the occurrence,transmission,power and guarantee of sustainable agricultural export policy for national development,which reflects a different research perspective from the previous.The existing research on the sustainable agricultural export mainly focuses on the poor downstream level and paid little attention to the national level and policy implications.Therefore,the information indicating national agricultural export policy is rarely analyzed.Based on this argument,this study takes agricultural products export at national level as the research object and focuses on its improvement.This study focuses on the action mechanism,conduction path and dynamic mechanism of agricultural export on sustainable agro-industrialization.Also,it clarifies the basic conditions,realistic logic and driving factors for achieving sustainable agricultural export in in Tanzania,thus make up the blanks in previous research,which is which is beneficial to expand the research idea on agricultural products export theoretically and practicallyb.Innovation in Research ContentThis study takes the theoretical framework of sustainable agricultural products export at national level and for the influence on households.The based on cashew nuts and cotton production performance in Tanzania in particular and other nations generally,as the starting point of research based on the realistic multidimensional evaluations of sustainability agricultural export performance.Hence,we study the transmission mechanism,dynamic mechanism and guarantee mechanism and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions accordingly.This is basically,reflects different research contents and would be out of the different academic point of view from previous researchBased on the different perspectives on agricultural products export,this paper optimizes the system of sustainable agricultural export and synthesizes approaches of sustainable agricultural products export.It addresses the connection toward national economic growth in order to fully reflect the heterogeneity characteristics of the research subjects.At the same time,this study explores the agricultural products export status and influencing factors in Tanzania national policy strategy.This study takes the agricultural product export as the breakthrough point and analyzes the transmission mechanism of agriculture development for achieving food security and productivity according to the path of sustainable export framework.Thus,when discussing the role of agricultural export policy strategies in sustainable agriculture,this study analyzes the differences in decision-making and its scale,and solves the problem of estimation Likewise,it defines functional routes for agricultural export strategy in national.In addition,this study provides new dimensions and commits to solving the problem of agricultural export market particularly in developing nations.This paper quantifies the dynamic mechanism of agricultural products export achieving sustainable agricultural prosperity based on internal and external environmentc.Innovation in Research MethodThis paper focuses on the research objective and content,reasonably combines theoretical analysis with empirical analysis,creatively conducts cross-disciplinary research,introduces and utilizes several empirical research methods in related fields,and further ensures the requirement of the scientific and rigor of this researchOn the basis of theoretical research,this paper evaluates the overall level of agricultural products export in Tanzania by constructing an improved sustainable agriculture framework.The qualitative and quantitative method along with gravity model is used to evaluate the changes on agricultural products export.The gravity model has been used to measure and predict the factors that influence agricultural products export in TanzaniaNew research conclusionsWith a relatively new research perspective and a comprehensive research method,this study uses independently acquired research resources and data to study a number of issues that influence the export of agricultural products export for the national growth and economic breakthrough and also obtains new research conclusions(see the specific conclusion above)and achieves the established research purpose. |
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