| As the world's largest developing country,China has entered a stage of rapid social transformation and spatial reconstruction.However,its urban and rural population mobility,changes in production methods,and disturbances in ecological functions have induced tension between people and land and increased spatial heterogeneity,coupled with intensified resource and environmental constraints,which have seriously affected the sustainable development of land and space.In order to alleviate the contradictions between people and land,solve the shortcomings of urban-rural differences,and unbalanced regional development,we must take a multi-functional land use development path and improve the quality of land and space through scientific management and control of limited land resources.At present,land use function research mainly focused on functional identification and evaluation,spatial distribution characteristics,and regional optimization in administrative units.These research perspectives and analysis methods were difficult to accurately describe the spatial and temporal linkages of spatial elements,and it was difficult to discern the staggered relationship between functions,which maked the study of the driving mechanism of functional evolution more difficult,resulting in poor implementation of space control policies.Based on this,this paper selected Jiangsu Province,a developed economic region in China,as the research case location,taken the rapid urbanization period from 1995 to 2015 as the time node,and the land use function as the research object,following the "pattern-process-relevance-mechanism-optimization" as the logical main line of this paper.And the spatial-temporal evolution process,synergistic / balanced relationship and its driving mechanism of land use functions in Jiangsu Province were studied in order to provide theoretical guidance and scientific basis for the layout of regional sustainable development and rural revitalization strategies.The main work of this article were as follows:(1)By combing and summarizing the existing research and related theoretical methods,a multi-scale integrated land use function evaluation index system was constructed.(2)Using a 100 m grid cell as a data carrier,the spatial pattern distribution characteristics,spatial agglomeration and differentiation characteristics,and functional evolution characteristics of land-use agricultural production functions,non-agricultural production functions,living functions,and ecological functions in Jiangsu Province were analyzed respectively.At the same time,based on the socio-economic development stage,we also tried to findthe laws of functional evolution in different regions such as business travel services,industrial-led,balanced development,and agricultural-led.(3)The study explored the synergy / trade-off relationship between functions from a global and local perspective,and then explored the spatial effect of the synergy / trade-off relationship between functions from a "humanistic" perspective.(4)The research mainly explored the endogenous and exogenous impact mechanisms of land use functions through quantitative analysis,and revealed its driving role in the evolution of land use functions.(5)Finally,the study attempted to couple the results of functional evaluation and suitability evaluation,and proposed an optimal path and controled measures for the " production-life-ecological" spatial regulation in typical regions.According to the research mentioned above,this theis comes to the conclusion that:(1)The research divides land use functions into four types of functional systems:agricultural production,non-agricultural production,living,and ecology.It integrates the functional evaluation results of the grid unit and the administrative unit to reveal the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of land use functions.From 1995 to 2015,the overall agricultural production function in Jiangsu Province weakened.The agricultural production in Jiangsu Provice distributed in a polycentric mass,high in the north and low in the south.The overall non-agricultural production function has been enhanced.The south is high and the north is low.Areas of non-agricultural production function are mixed with plane and dotted hybrid.The living function is gradually enhanced,and the city is centered in a sporadic pattern,obeying the "center-periphery" distribution.The ecological function is weakly improved,and it is near the mountains and the water,showing a three-point pattern of southern Jiangsu,central Jiangsu,and northern Jiangsu.From the perspective of spatial agglomeration and differentiation:Non-agricultural production functions are more concentrated,and the overall changes are stable.Aggregation of agricultural production and living functions increased,and spatial correlation of ecological functions declined.Spatial differences in agricultural production,non-agricultural production,living,and ecological functions are increasing,the level of agricultural production functions slightly fluctuates.Non-agricultural production functions is with transfer inertia.Life function remains stable.Ecological function transfer is very common.The four functions are less leaping development,there are a "club convergence" phenomenon,and the transfer phenomenon are staged.From theperspective of functional evolution,Agricultural production,non-agricultural production,living and ecological functions are gradually enhanced.The proportion of function types rank as agricultural production function> ecological function> life function> non-agricultural production function,The non-agricultural production and living functions are obviously strengthening,and agricultural production and ecological functions are weaking.From different geographical types,The agricultural production function in the business travel service area has remained flat after“rising-down-rising”,Non-agricultural production and living function have risen in large fluctuations,Ecological functions are slightly enhanced in a small "fall-rise".Agricultural production functions in industrially-dominated regions continue to decline,non-agricultural production function as leading function develope stably,living function declines weakly,ecological functions increases in the process of "flat-growth-fall-growth".Balanced development areas are dominated by living and ecological functions,Agricultural production function declines slightly,while non-agricultural production function increase significantly.Agricultural production functions in agricultural-dominated areas have skyrocketed,at the same time the non-agricultural production function are basically flat,and living and ecological functions have generally declined.(2)Collaborative / balanced relationship of land use functions.There are a strong upper-tail correlation between agricultural production and non-agricultural production function,agricultural production and ecological function,and non-agricultural production and living function in Jiangsu Province.The trade-off relationship between agricultural production and non-agricultural production function,agricultural production and living function continues to increase.Weak growth in synergy between agricultural production and ecological function,non-agricultural production and living function.The trade-off relationship between non-agricultural production and ecological function,life and ecological function becomes more and more obvious.From a spatial perspective,the functions of agricultural production and non-agricultural production,agricultural production and ecological function,and non-agricultural production and living function in Suzhou,Wuxi and Changzhou are shown as synergistic relations.However,there are obvious trade-off effects in space between agricultural production and non-agricultural functions,agricultural production and living functions,non-agricultural production and ecological functions,and living and ecological functions in northern Jiangsu.At last,research on the construction ofspatial correlation theoretical framework base on theories of land use versatility,behavioral geography,and human environment.Based on this,Yangzhong City is selected for empirical analysis.The results showes that the land use function of Yangzhong City is closely related to the spatial perception of residents' quality of life.(3)Driving mechanism of land use function evolution.Using a combination of literature review and quantitative methods,it revealed the impact of important factors such as resources and environment,geographical location,population factors,and economic development on the evolution of land use functions.The spatial-temporal differentiation of agricultural production function in Jiangsu Province was profoundly affected by socio-economic development,especially the industrial foundation,while the natural environment had limited the restriction;the spatial-temporal differentiation of non-agricultural production function was closely related to the pattern of social and economic development;The spatial-temporal differentiation of living function was profoundly affected by regional socio-economic development,which the binding force of the natural environment was prominent when the spatial pattern took a major turning period.Ecological function was mainly driven by the natural background environment that effects were slowing down,socio-economic development and people's production and living activities had strengthened the spatial-temporal differentiation.Regional socio-economic development status and trends always had a strong impact on multifunctional land use spatial-temporal differentiation,while demographic factors had weakened influence.The interaction of economic development,demographic factors,and natural resources environment had obvious spatial-temporal differentiation on the role of regional functions:when the total retail sales of consumer goods,fiscal revenue and other factors were coupled,the spatial differentiation of agricultural production function would be strengthened;the spatial differentiation of non-agricultural production and living function was easily driven by the interactive coupling of industrial structure,soil organic matter content,and other factors;spatial differentiation of ecological function was mainly affected by combination including soil organic matter content,location conditions and other factors.The effect of influencing factors on different functions had obviously spatial-temporal dynamics,the impact of industrial structure on agricultural production function weakened and shifted to Su-Xi-Chang area,the scope of impact on non-agricultural production and living function was concentrated in northern Jiangsu area,and areas with strong impact on ecological functions were transferred toSu-Xi-Chang area;the regions with strong effect of GDP on agricultural production function moved from northern Jiangsu to Nanjing metropolitan area and on non-agricultural production function moved from Nanjing metropolitan area to Fengxian,Qidong City,etc.,the driving effect of GDP on the living function of Southern Jiangsu was stronger,and the range of influence on ecological function was shrinking from the whole region to the West;The impact of fiscal revenue on agricultural functions had spread from the coast of northern Jiangsu to the front line of Fengxian-Lianyungang,on non-agricultural production function were transferred from the coast of northern Jiangsu to southern Jiangsu,on living function were shifted from the coast of northern Jiangsu to southern Jiangsu and middle Jiangsu,and on ecological function were mainly concentrated from Fengxian and Lianyungang City to the northern coast of Jiangsu.The impact of population density on agricultural production function had spread from southern Jiangsu to the whole region,on non-agricultural production function had always been concentrated in southern Jiangsu,on living function had shifted from the east to the west.on ecological function that large-scale area had been reduced to Qidong City and Haimen City.Soil organic matter content profoundly affects agricultural production functions in the surrounding area of Taihu Lake.The impact on non-agricultural production functions extends from southern Jiangsu to the eastern coast,and the driving range for living functions is stable in Qidong City,Rudong County,etc.,and the ecological function is affected from North Jiangsu Qidong City and Liyang City contracted.Taken together,the overall state of economic development was the core driving force,industrial structure adjustment was an important boost,demographic factors played an important role in gravity,natural resource endowment capacity was a frictional force and government macro-control as for key factor cannot be ignored.Multiple driving effects together formed a driving system for the spatial-temporal evolution of land-use functions.,which had a close relationship,affected each other and acted together on the overall system.Multiple factors formed a multi-dimensional effect in the interaction and coupling between each other,which finally lead to the changes of natural ecological structure,economic production structure and social life structure.(4)Optimization path and countermeasures of "production-life-ecology" space.After coupling the village function and the suitability evaluation results,Study differences by core area,containment area,and barrier area,Regional regulates the agricultural production,non-agricultural production,living,and ecological spacedevelopment in Nanjing,Yangzhou,Yangzhong,and Xinyi.Research proposes four countermeasures,Guided by space-dominated functions,properly coordinate secondary functions to improve land use control methods.We should try to implement the land space use control system and legislative guarantee from the legal level.Promote the leading role of industrial clusters in the development of national space.Strengthen the improvement of urban and rural human settlements and continuously improve the people's happiness index. |
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