| This study attempts to evaluate the progress in meeting the Basic Human Needs during the New Order government of Indonesia from 1969 to 1980. In order to accomplish the above objective an overview of development theories and development efforts is presented and the importance of the Basic Needs concept is described and analysed. As a result of the overview and basic needs discussion, three basic needs sectors that are important to Indonesia were chosen, namely Food Consumption, Primary School and Education Services, and Health and Family Planning.;The basic needs results were calculated and analyzed through three different approaches: (1) synthesizing from the macro and micro works related with food, (2) the sectoral approach encompassing food consumption and distribution, education, and health and family planning, and (3) an attempt to calculate basic needs using single indicators.;All three approaches came to one conclusion, that the basic needs results improved significantly, but poverty especially among the lowest 20 per cent of the population is still prevalent.;This result is consistent with the overview observation of structural imbalances. To observe more deeply the problems of participation and bureaucracy, a public policy methodology called policy function and decision order was applied to three programs highly related to basic needs: (1) the BIMAS/INMAS program, (2) SD Inpres, (3) KB or family planning. The results showed that the effectiveness of the program is not always correlated with increased participation.;An overview of the interrelationship between the Indonesian economy and domestic politics concludes with a discussion of macro issues related to the basic needs, namely structural imbalances and poverty in the economic field, and political stability, institutionalization, and participation in the political field.;This study concludes that in order to improve basic needs result in the future, what is needed is more provision and maintenance of infrastructure rather than the tendency toward more bureaucratization. This in turn will depend on how the government defines participation. This study concludes that economic motives are still the best incentive for participation. |
