Evaluation Method And Application Of Green Manufacturing For Typical Energy Material Production Processes

The materials required by energy industry and energy technology have achieved rapid development in recent years.There are so many kinds of raw materials required in the complex energy material production process.Many wastes are generally produced in these processes,and the environmental load is heavy with huge pressure of pollution reduction.Therefore,it is urgent to pay special attention to the production process of key metal resources in energy materials,and establish a green manufacturing evaluation method to evaluate and grade the energy material production process.In this paper,the whole process green manufacturing evaluation method is established.Guided by the minimum comprehensive production cost,the lowest environmental risk of pollutants,and the multi-objective overall planning of the whole process,the material criticality,material and energy flow analysis,water balance and environmental impact in the production process are comprehensively analyzed,and the global evaluation system with the minimum green manufacturing index is constructed to quantitatively evaluate the application technology rationality of the process.The green manufacturing grade of corresponding products is evaluated.The multi-objective overall optimization is carried out on the basics of economy,environment and resources models,which are constructed and elaborated respectively.Two kinds of industrial processes,energy base material preparation(energy metal production)process and energy material production process,are taken as examples to explore the methodology application.The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)The whole process green manufacturing evaluation system is established,and the model basis,assumptions,parameters,definitions,formulas,constraints,and model applicability are explained.In the economic aspects,the whole process cost minimization model calculates the material cost,energy cost,water cost and additional cost,and finally compares the product operation cost,total cost,and profit.In environmental aspects,the comprehensive environmental impact assessment model mainly evaluates the waste produced in the production process,and establishes a comprehensive environmental impact assessment method based on the weight of pollutants.In resource aspects,the criticality evaluation model of metal resources is based on the European Union's criticality evaluation method,and the relevant parameters of industrial production process are added to establish the criticality evaluation model of metal resources.Finally,the green manufacturing evaluation model will analyze and evaluate each production section from four aspects(energy,water,material analysis and comprehensive environmental evaluation),and finally determine the green manufacturing evaluation index of product production process to guide the classification of products and the formulation of comprehensive policies.(2)Based on the cost minimization model,a typical metal production process in China is evaluated.The economic evaluation of three V2O5 different production processes(V2O5 with the purity of 98 wt.%under precipitation,V2O5 with the purity of 99.90 wt.%under precipitation and V2O5 with the purity of 99.95 wt.%under extraction)was carried out.In the third production process,the extraction method is used to optimize the pretreatment section.The higher V2O5 purity,simpler production process,higher material utilization rate and lower waste treatment cost make it the most cost-effective process.(3)The environmental impact assessment of the metal production process is carried out.Based on the full collection of waste water,waste gas and solid waste emissions from each metal production process,the national pollutant emission standards are fully considered.Under selecting the typical pollutants generated in the metal production process,a reasonable environmental impact assessment method is established.Finally,the comprehensive environmental impact of the metal production process is calculated.The environmental impact value and the environmental impact grade of metal are given.According to the comprehensive environmental impact assessment calculation,the metals are divided into four categories,and the first five metals are Li>In>Cr>K>Hg.(4)On the basis of the critical evaluation model of metal resources,the application of the model is explored by taking the industrial production process of Light Emitting Diode(LED)lamps in China as an example.Through the analysis of supply risk,economic importance,and environmental risk,the criticality of gallium and indium is significantly higher than that of other metals.At the same time,the high criticality of gallium and indium also makes the materials containing these two metals more critical.Epitaxial growth and chip manufacturing are two most important production sections of LED lamps.Finally,the key overall evaluation of the production process of different products is carried out,and the production situation of Surface Mounted Device(SMD)-LED lamp and filament lamp is compared.(5)On the premise of establishing the whole process green manufacturing evaluation model,two kinds of Chinese LED lamp production processes are selected for model application research.With system analysis,96 kinds of raw materials,10 kinds of energies,7 kinds of waters and 42 kinds of pollutants are analyzed and evaluated.Based on the determination of the evaluation boundary value,the green manufacturing grade of the production process is identified by the evaluation indexes of materials,energy,water and comprehensive environment.Taking two kinds of lamp production processes and three specific situations as examples,the green manufacturing level of filament lamp is better than that of SMD-LED lamp,and the comprehensive environmental impact value of pollutants is the most important parameter affecting the green manufacturing level of product production process.